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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Le contrôle de la loi par le juge anglais : le contrôle des législations primaires par la common law</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">Constitutional review of laws before the English court : the constitutional control of primary legislation by the Common law</dcterms:alternative>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Contrôle de loi</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Souveraineté du parlement anglais</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Interprétation de la loi</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Interprétation de la jurisprudence</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Ratio decidendi</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Paradigme de contrôle</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Constitution britannique</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">C’est à tort qu’on a considéré que l’ordre juridique anglais ne connaît ou ne pourrait connaître un contrôle de la «loi». Si l’on y a vu une irréductible doctrine de la souveraineté du parlement, qui met en place un «règne de la légalité» froid et implacable, l’on a, en cela, méconnu le véritable sens de la common law, comme porteur d'une unique idée de «jurisdictio» à travers les temps, déployant un programme de droit tant herméneutique que fondamentalement constitutionnaliste, tout en étant en perpétuel devenir. La doctrine de la souveraineté du parlement tire sa reconnaissance d’une doctrine common law. Or, la «légalité», par ses postulats même, est prise au piège par un deuxième principe qui en émane, celui que nous nommons «principe de supra-légalité», du fait du contenu même de certains Actes du Parlement et de la considération que leur réserve la common law. Par ailleurs, la common law est celle qui a permis en sa «jurisdictio», la «Rule of Law», et par là, de s’assurer d'une «constitution common law». De son fait jurisprudentiel, comme dialectique et discours, elle vise une mise en œuvre perpétuelle en problématique permanente de toute norme supérieure. C'est ce qui caractérise le «principe de jurisprudentialité» qui s’ajoute ainsi à la «supra-légalité». Principes de légalité, de supra-légalité et de jurisprudentialité sont ceux qui façonnent alors le principe de constitutionnalité en cette constitution common law. La common law, seul gardien des principes intangibles du droit, autonome et auto-validée par sa Raison fut le premier modèle constitutionnaliste existant dans les droits modernes.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">It has been one of the main legal misunderstandings of the modern world that the English legal system cannot admit of anyconstitutional review of laws. The prevailing idea colouring any vision ofits constituent parts has been marked by a cold anrlirreducible doctrine of the Sovereignty of Parliament which in turn has brought about a &lt;Rule of Legality&gt; narrowly definerl - far from being akin to any Diceyean &lt;&lt;Rule of Lawr (or Rule of (the' Law)- , thereby preventing any constitutionalist territory within its domain to be carved orrt. This half-truth has masked the real meaning of the common law, as spelling out over centuries, a unique idea of &lt;jurisdictio&gt;, underlying which is a programme polarized by a hermeneutic vision of itself as law-realisation, as well as being a constitutionalist backdrop to any legal system. The doctrine of the Sovereignty of Parliament derives its recognition from what can be termed as the &lt;Principle of Jurisprudentiality&gt;, the keystone of the &lt;Common Law Constitution&gt;&gt;. Legality, in turn, hy its fundamentals, is caught in its own game, by an emerging superior principle, that of what is here termed &lt;Supra-Legality&gt;, if only owing to the content of Acts of Parliament themselves. The Common Law, the only guardian of intangible or immutable principles of law, autonomous and self-validating due to its Reason, did bring about a first constitutionalist model in the modern world. At all times, a constitutional review of laws has been carried out in the English legal system, albeit under different guises, now enhanced following the incorporation of the ECHR and community laws.</dcterms:abstract>
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