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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Le cadre juridique français des opérations de crédit islamique</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">The French legal framework of islamic credit operation</dcterms:alternative>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Droit français</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Droit musulman</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Finance islamique</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Crédit islamique</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Ijara</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Istisna</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Moudaraba</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Mourabaha</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Moushakara</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Tawarruq</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Salam</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Crédit adossé</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Crédit participatif</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Intérêt</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Ribâ</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">TEG applicable aux crédits islamiques</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Régimes juridiques et fiscaux</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Islamic law</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Islamic Finance</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Islamic credit</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Ijara</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Istisna</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Moudaraba</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Tawarruq</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Salam</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Asset backed credit</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Partnership credit</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Interest</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Ribâ</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Annual Percentage Rate</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Legal and tax systems</dc:subject>
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<tef:elementdEntree autoriteExterne="027689603" autoriteSource="Sudoc">Banques -- Droit islamique</tef:elementdEntree>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Le développement de la finance islamique a attiré l’attention non seulement des banquiers et des juristes, mais également des pouvoirs publics français depuis quelques années. Cette finance, qui obéit à la loi islamique, fonctionne non pas sur la stipulation de l’intérêt, mais sur deux autres modes de rémunération des bailleurs de fonds : elle applique, d’une part, le principe du partage des profits et des pertes en fondant les transactions sur les contrats de société, et d’autre part, sur une marge bénéficiaire lorsque l’opération s’adosse à un contrat de vente et de location.Parmi les produits bancaires islamiques, les crédits islamiques sont les plus caractéristiques qui écartent la stipulation du ribâ (intérêt). La fixation de leur régime juridique français est tributaire de deux corpus juridiques, a priori, opposés. Bien qu’ils n’aient ni des fondements juridiques, ni des régimes juridiques clairs et précis en droit français, ce dernier arrive à les encadrer. Cet encadrement présente non seulement des points de convergence, mais également des points de divergence avec le droit musulman. La flexibilité de ces systèmes juridiques nous a conduit à définir tant un cadre juridique général pour définir les régimes français de la rémunération du dispensateur de crédit islamique, qu’un cadre juridique spécial pour régir la structuration des opérations adossées à des contrats de vente (comme la mourabaha, le tawarruq, le salam et l’istisna), de location (l’ijara et l’ijara muntahia biltamlik) et de société (comme la moudaraba, la mousharaka et la mousharaka dégressive).</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">The development of the Islamic finance drew the attention of the French public authorities, bankers and lawyers since a few years. This finance, which rules by the Islamic law, does not apply the interest, but two other methods of payment of the financiers: on the one hand, the principle of the profit and loss sharing, by backing the transactions on partnership contracts, and on the other hand, on profit margin when the operation backs on a sale and lease contracts.Among the Islamic banking products, the Islamic credits are the most characteristic. The French legal framework of those transactions depends, in fact, on two legal systems which are apparently in contradiction. Although they have neither legal sources, nor clear and precise legal regulation in French law, the latter could rule them. This framework presents not only some points of convergence, but also points of difference with the Islamic Law. Nevertheless, the flexibility of both Laws led us to define a general legal framework of the remuneration of the Islamic credit provider, and a special legal framework to rule the structuration of the operations backed to partnership (moudaraba, mousharaka et degressive mousharaka), sale (mourabaha, le tawarruq, le salam et l’istisna), and lease contract (ijara et ijara muntahia biltamlik).</dcterms:abstract>
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