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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Modifications photo-induites de membranes modèles</dc:title>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Phospholipide</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Photo-thérapie</dc:subject>
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<tef:elementdEntree autoriteExterne="031473482" autoriteSource="Sudoc">Peroxydation lipidique</tef:elementdEntree>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Ce travail est basé sur l'intuition que seul de nouveaux systèmes biomimétiques permettant un contrôle de la localisation spatiale des phénomènes d’oxydation peuvent conduire à une compréhension profonde de l’oxydation des lipides dans les cellules eucaryotes. Nous avons donc développé un nouveau type de molécule photosensible pouvant être ancré dans des Vésicules Géantes Unilamellaires (GUVs). Nous montrons dans cette étude que, pour le cas particulier de l’hydroperoxydation, contrôler la distribution spatiale permet une sélection des réactions d’oxydation, ce qui nécessite également une adaptation des stratégies de traitement antioxydant. En association avec de nouvelles techniques pour la quantification des événements d’oxydation, ces nouveaux modèles fournissent un scénario complet des mécanismes d’hydroperoxydation, de la production des espèces réactives (1O2) aux modifications physiques et chimiques induites dans les bicouches auto-assemblées. Nous montrons que les GUVs sont capables de survivre lorsque tous les lipides sont hydroperoxydés, confirmant que l’intégrité de la membrane est conservée dans ces conditions d’oxydation. Notre expérience permet de mesurer avec une bonne précision : l’augmentation d’aire produite sous hydroperoxydation, les modifications des propriétés mécaniques de la membrane, ainsi que l’efficacité d’hydroperoxydation. Pour une compréhension approfondie, les modifications moléculaires sous oxydation ont été étudiées à l’interface eau-air en utilisant des monocouches de lipides.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">Our contribution to research in the area of lipid oxidation in eukariotic cells is based on the central intuition that progress can only be achieved in new biomimetic membrane systems where the spatial localization of the oxidation events might be controlled and monitored. Accordingly, we have developed new photosensitizer agents that can be anchored in Giant Unilamelar Vesicles (GUVs). It is important to stress that progress in the control of the spatial distribution of oxidation allows for a selection of the oxidation pathways, as we show in this study for the particular case of hydroperoxidation, and therefore constrains anti-oxidant strategies. In association with new tools for the quantification of the oxidation events, these new models have provided a complete scenario for the hydroperoxidation mechanisms, from the production of the oxidant species (1O2) to the final chemical and physical modifications induced on the self-assembled bilayers. We report that GUVsare able to survive full hydroperoxidation, showing that membrane integrity can be preserved under these oxidation conditions. Our experimental setup allows to measure the relative area increase produced upon peroxidation, the associated change in mechanical properties of the membrane and also the hydroperoxidation efficiency, all of them with good precisions. Further insights into the molecular modifications under oxidation have been studied at the air –water interface, using lipid monolayers.</dcterms:abstract>
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