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<dc:title xml:lang="en">Biopolyester synthesis by enzymatic catalysis and development of nanohybrid systems</dc:title>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Lipase</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Polymérisation</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Argile</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Polyester/argile nano-biocomposites</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Polymerization</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Polyester/clay nano-biocomposites</dc:subject>
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<tef:elementdEntree autoriteExterne="032310633" autoriteSource="Sudoc">Catalyseurs à base d'argile</tef:elementdEntree>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">L'objectif de ce travail est de développer des catalyseurs originaux et performants à base de lipases immobilisées sur argiles pour la synthèse de biopolyesters et d’obtenir des nanohybrides organique/inorganique par greffage de chaînes polyesters sur les nanoparticules d'argiles. Deux argiles (sépiolite et montmorillonite) ont été utilisées pour l'immobilisation de Candida antarctica lipase B (CALB) et les catalyseurs obtenus ont été testés en polymérisation de l'ε-caprolactone et des isomères de lactide. Les cinétiques de polymérisation et la caractérisation des polyesters ont montré que les lipases immobilisées sur montmorillonite sont plus performantes que celles immobilisées sur sepiolite. L’organo-modification de ces argiles améliore l’activité catalytique des systèmes obtenus. L'utilisation de CALB immobilisée sur montmorillonite a permis l’élaboration de nanohybrides organique/inorganique via le greffage et la croissance des chaînes polyesters à partir de la surface de l’argile. Finalement, des copolyesters statistiques PCL/PLA ont été obtenus avec succès par polymérisation enzymatique du D-lactide avec l'ε-caprolactone.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">This thesis aims at presenting the use and development of original catalytic systems based on lipases immobilized on clays which are efficient for the synthesis of biopolyesters and allowing the preparation of organic/inorganic nanohybrids based on clay nanoparticles (sepiolite and montmorillonite) grafted with such polyesters. These nanoclays were used as lipase supports and the clay-immobilized forms of Candida antarctica lipase B (CALB) were tested for ε-caprolactone and lactide isomers polymerization. Polymerization kinetics and characterization of resulting materials have shown that lipases immobilized on montmorillonite show better performances compared to the ones immobilized on sepiolite. Clay surface organo-modification has proved to greatly enhance the catalytic activity of the corresponding systems. CALB immobilized on montmorillonite allowed the elaboration of organic/inorganic nanohybrids as evidenced by the effective grafting of polyester chains from the clay surface. Finally, random PCL/PLA copolyesters were successfully obtained by lipase-catalyzed copolymerization of D-lactide with ε-caprolactone.</dcterms:abstract>
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