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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Etude et valorisation industrielle d'halophytes du littoral breton : biodiversité chimique et biologique</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">Study and industrial promotion of halophytes from the Brittany coast : chemical and biological biodiversity</dcterms:alternative>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Silene maritima</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Halophytes</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Inflammation</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Stress</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Radicaux libres</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Métabolome</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Elicitation</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Biodiversité</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Silene maritima</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Halophytes</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Inflammation</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Free radicals</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Metabolome</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Quatre espèces halophyles, Silene maritima, Carpobrotus edulis, Senecio cineraria et Limonium latifolium, ont fait l’objet d’études phytochimiques en procédant par fractionnement bioguidé. Nous avons ainsi identifié une trentaine de métabolites bioactifs, capables de limiter la production d’espèces réactives de l’oxygène qui interviennent dans le stress radicalaire et/ou inflammatoire et/ou de favoriser la lipolyse adipocytaire. La visualisation de l’impact du biotope sur le métabolome de Silene maritima nous a permis d’identifier des marqueurs jouant un rôle important dans la capacité adaptative de cette halophyte sous l’effet de stress environnementaux. L’analyse de profils métaboliques montre clairement qu’un même individu, récolté à des moments différents et/ou dans des biotopes différents, possède une composition phytochimique variable. Afin de tester l’effet d’éliciteurs sur la capacité biosynthétique de suspensions cellulaires de Silene maritima, nous avons eu recours à la biotechnologie végétale. Nous avons également développé des conditions de culture in vitro permettant l’initiation de cals à partir d’une halophyte protégée, Crambe maritima. Ces cals pourront in fine servir à initier des suspensions cellulaires, valorisables industriellement.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">Four halophile species, Silene maritima, Carpobrotus edulis, Senecio cineraria and Limonium latifolium have been studied phytochemically by bioguided fractionation. This work led to the discovery of thirty biologically active compounds able to reduce the production of reactive oxygen species that occur during inflammatory and/or radical stress, and to promote the adipocytary lipolysis. The visualization of the biotope’s impact on the halophyte Silene maritima metabolome helped us to identify markers playing an important role in the adaptative capacity of plants under environmental stress. Analysis of metabolite profiles clearly shows that the same individual harvested at a different moment and/or from a different biotope possesses an extremely variable chemical composition. In order to test elicitor effect, we used plant biotechnology. Finally, we were able to develop in vitro culture conditions permitting initiation of callus from the protected halophile Crambe maritima. The obtained callus could serve to initiate cell suspension, which is suitable for industrial purposes.</dcterms:abstract>
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