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<dc:title xml:lang="en">Development of oxidation models and analytical techniques specific to phospholipids and their degradation products in functional foods</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="fr">Mise au point de modèles d'oxydation et de techniques analytiques spécifiques des phospholipides et de leurs produits de dégradation dans les aliments fonctionnels</dcterms:alternative>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Phospholipides</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Extraction</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Analyse chromatographique</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Oxydation</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Volatile composé oxydé</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Phospholipids</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Extraction</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Chromatographic analysis</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Molecular species</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Oxidation</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Parmi les nombreux effets bénéfiques des phospholipides on retient essentiellement leur rôle dans la protection du système cardio-vasculaire, l'amélioration de la mémoire et de l'apprentissage. Ces effets peuvent s'expliquer en partie par le fait que les phospholipides sont riches en acide gras polyinsaturés (acides eicosapentaénoïque et docosahexaénoïque) ou les acides gras essentiels. C’est pourquoi il nous est apparu comme étant important d’explorer des sources naturelles potentielles contenant des phospholipides polyinsaturés destinées au développement de produits alimentaires nouveaux supplémentés en phospholipides.Ce travail a permis de mettre au point des méthodes d’extraction, de purification et de séparation des phospholipides afin de caractèriser les sources naturelles de phospholipides polyinsaturés. Une supplémentation des aliments avec des phospholipides polyinsaturés ne peut être envisagé sans avoir une bonne connaissance de leur stabilité au cours de la transformation et de la conservation des aliments. Nous avons donc développé des méthodes d’identification des produits de dégradation des phospholipides et de détermination de leur cinétique d’oxydation pendant les traitements thermiques. Ainsi, nous avons montré que les phospholipides sont plus stables que les triacylglycérides, ceci étant du probablement à la présence d’un groupe aminé dans la tête polaire.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">Among the numerous beneficial effects of phospholipides can highlight their role in protecting the cardiovascular system and improving memory and learning. These effects can be partially explained by the fact that phospholipids are rich in polyunsaturated (eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids) or essential fatty acids. Thus, it is very significant to explore potential food sources containing polyunsaturated rich phospholipids for the development new food products supplemented with phospholipids.This work allowed a series method for the extraction, purification, separation and quantification of phospholipids in order to characterize the polyunsaturated phospholipid sources. Food supplementation with polyunsaturated phospholipids rises however the question of their stability during food processing at high temperature. Then we have developed methods to identify phospholipids degradation products and determine their kinetics of the oxidation during thermal treatment which is a widespread food processing.Phospholipids (PE and PC) are more stable than triacylglyceride, this is due to the presence of an amino group in the molecule.</dcterms:abstract>
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