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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Rôles transcriptionnels des facteurs NER</dc:title>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Lors de la vie, des mécanismes de réparation de l’ADN sont mis en oeuvre lors d’agressions, pour protéger le génome. La réparation par excision de nucléotides (NER) est l’un de ces mécanismes. Des mutations des facteurs NER sont à l’origine de 3 maladies génétiques humaines: Xeroderma pigmentosum (XP), la trichothiodystrophie (TTD) et le syndrome de Cockayne (CS). Certains de leurs signes cliniques ne sont pas expliqués par un défaut de réparation de l’ADN. Des études suggèrent que ces facteurs interviennent dans d’autres processus, notamment lors de l’expression des gènes. Durant ma thèse, je me suis intéressé aux rôles des facteurs NER dans la transcription. En effet, j’ai montré que ces facteurs, dit de réparation, étaient recrutés avec la machinerie transcriptionnelle au niveau du promoteur et du terminateur de gènes activés. Ils influencent l’environnement chromatinien des gènes activés (boucles de chromatine et modifications post-­‐ traductionnelles des histones). Ma thèse apporte une meilleure compréhension du processus de transcription des gènes activés, permettant de mieux comprendre certaines anomalies associées aux yndromes XP, CS et TTD.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">Throughout life, the mechanisms of DNA repair are implemented in attacks to protect the integrity of our DNA. The nucleotide excision repair (NER) is one of these mechanisms. Mutations targeting genes of NER factors (XPA-­‐G, TTD-­‐A, CSA and CSB) are responsible for three human genetic diseases : Xeroderma pigmentosum (XP), trichothiodystrophy (TTD) and Cockayne syndrome (CS). Some of them clinical features cannot be explained by a defect in DNA repair only. Previous studies suggest that these factors could be involved in other functions, including gene expression. In my thesis, I am interested in the roles of NER factors during the transcription process. Indeed, we have shown that these “repair” factors, were recruited with the transcription al machinery at the promoter and terminator of activated genes during transcription. They influence the chromatin environment of activated genes (chromatin loops and post-­‐translational modifications of histones).My thesis provides a better understanding of the transcription process of activated genes and allows a better understanding of some syndromes associated with XP, CS and TTD.</dcterms:abstract>
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