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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Etude de la sensibilité auditive du nouveau-né grand prématuré aux stimulations sonores issues de son environnement</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">Evaluation of the auditory sensitivity of very preterm infants to their acoustic environment</dcterms:alternative>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Cerveau</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Développement auditif</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Nouveau-né</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Prématuré</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Environnement</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Bruit</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Voix maternelle</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Spectre fréquentiel</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Brain</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Auditory development</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Newborn</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Premature</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Environment</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Noise</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Maternal voice</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Acoustic frequency</dc:subject>
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<tef:elementdEntree autoriteExterne="035712910" autoriteSource="Sudoc">Prématurés -- Physiologie</tef:elementdEntree>
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<tef:elementdEntree autoriteExterne="029264014" autoriteSource="Sudoc">Mères et nourrissons</tef:elementdEntree>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">L’environnement (E) du grand prématuré (GP) diffère de l’E. utérin et contribue aux séquelles neurosensorielles qui le menace. Les stimuli auditifs y sont prédominants et atypiques. Peu de choses sont connues sur la sensibilité auditive du GP à ces stimuli. Elle est évaluée ici par l’analyse de sa réactivité physiologique, comportementale, et cérébrale (NIRS) aux variations de cet E. Une étude observationnelle montre que i) le GP réagit à des stimuli auditifs dès un seuil de 5-10 dBA de ratio signal-bruit ambiant ; ii) certaines stimulations altèrent son bien-être (désaturations, rupture du sommeil) ; iii) ses réponses autonomiques sont les plus sensibles. Sa réactivité varie selon la source sonore, suggérant une discrimination du caractère vocal ou non des stimuli. Une étude expérimentale évalue d’autres aspects de ses performances auditives (impact de la fréquence sonore, de la valence émotionnelle des voix) et leur maturation de 30-32 à 34-36 sem. d’âge post-menstruel. Son champ de perception fréquentiel de sons purs s’élargit des moyennes (500-2500 Hz) aux basses et hautes fréquences (100 et 4500 Hz). Après 34 sem., il discrimine la voix maternelle de celle d’une autre mère et d’une autre femme (émotionnellement neutre). Cette réactivité préférentielle se traduit par un « réflexe cardiaque d’orientation » et témoigne qu’un GP soustrait précocement à la voix de sa mère développe des capacités perceptives similaires à celles du fœtus exposé en continue à la prosodie de la voix maternelle. Ces résultats ouvrent un champ de recherche complémentaire sur les conséquences à long terme de son expérience auditive précoce (attachement, développement du langage et des émotions).</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">The environment (E) of very preterm infant (VPI) greatly differs from the uterine E and contributes to his risk of altered neurodevelopment. Although auditory stimuli are prominent and atypical in the NICU, little is known about the auditory sensitivity of VPI to his acoustic E. It is evaluated through their physiological, behavioral, and brain (NIRS) responsiveness to auditory environmental changes. An observational study shows that i) VPIs respond to “naturalistic” auditory stimuli from a minimum signal-to-noise ratio threshold of 5-10 dBA, ii) some stimuli can affect their well-being (desaturation, sleep disruption), iii) their autonomic reactivity is the most sensitive. Their reactivity varies depending on the sound sources, suggesting an ability to discriminate vocal from non vocal sounds. An experimental approach assess other aspects of their auditory performance (impact of sound frequency, emotional valence of voices) and their maturation from 30-32 to 34-36 wks post-menstrual age. Their perceptual field of sound frequencies expands for pure tones from the middle frequencies (500-2500 Hz) to low and high frequencies (100 and 4500 Hz). After 34 wks, VPIs discriminate their mother's voice from that of another mother and of another woman (emotionally neutral). This preferential reactivity relies on a "cardiac orienting reflex" suggesting that VPI not exposed for weeks to their mother’s voice in utero, can develop perceptual abilities similar to those of the fetuses continuously exposed to the prosody of their mother’s voice. They open ways for further research on the long-term consequences of early auditory experience (attachment, language and emotions development).</dcterms:abstract>
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