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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Implication de LRP1 et ShcA dans deux pathologies cardiovasculaires : l'arthérosclérose et l'insuffisance cardiaque</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">Implication of LRP1 and ShcA in two cardiovascular diseases : atherosclerosis and heart failure</dcterms:alternative>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">ShcA</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Costamère</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Insuffisance cardiaque</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Athérosclérose</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Calcification</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Chondrogenèse</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Heart failure</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Heart</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Les maladies cardiovasculaires sont la première cause de mortalité dans le monde. Une meilleure compréhension des mécanismes physiopathologiques est nécessaire. Dans ce travail de thèse nous nous sommes intéressés à deux pathologies cardiovasculaires : l’athérosclérose et l’insuffisance cardiaque. Récemment, nous avons identifié le récepteur LRP1 et la protéine adaptatrice ShcA comme étant deux protéines impliquées dans deux de ces pathologies cardiovasculaires. Nousavons montré que ShcA joue un rôle protecteur dans l’insuffisance cardiaque. Chez les souris déficientes en ShcA au niveau cardiaque, nous observons une cardiomyopathie caractérisée par une dilatation du ventricule gauche associée à une perte de la contractilité. Nous avons montré que ShcA est essentiel à l’organisation des sarcomères et ceci très tôt durant l’embryogenèse. Dans une deuxième partie nous avons montré qu’en l’absence de PPARgamma, LRP1 était nécessaire à la calcification vasculaire en activant la voie prochondrogénique de Wnt5a. Nous avons montré que PPARgamma protège de la calcification vasculaire en induisant l’expression de Sfrp2 qui agit comme un antagoniste de Wnt5a.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">Cardiovascular disease is the number one cause of death worldwide. A better understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms is necessary. In this thesis we are focused on two cardiovascular diseases: atherosclerosis and heart failure. Recently, we identified the LRP1 receptor and the adapter protein ShcA as two proteins involved in two of these cardiovascular diseases. We have shown that ShcA exerts a protective role against heart failure. Mutant mice lacking ShcA in the heart exhibit a dilated cardiomyopathy with reduced cardiac contractility. Myocyte ultrastructure analysis shows that Shc A is essential to maintain sarcomeric intégrity in early embryonic heart development. in last part we have shown vascular calcification in the absence of PPARgamma requires expression of LRP1 in vascular smooth muscle cells. LRP1 promotes a Wnt5a-dependent prochondrogenic pathway. We show that PPARgamma protects against vascular calcification by inducing the expression of secreted frizzled-related protein-2 (Sfrp2, wich functions as a Wnt5a antagonist.</dcterms:abstract>
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