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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Art chrétien en pays de mission : la sculpture d'inspiration chrétienne au Bénin, XVIIe-XXIe siècles</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">Christian art in mission countries : the example of Christian-inspired sculpture in Benin, XVIIe -XXIe centuries</dcterms:alternative>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Art chrétien africain</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Missions chrétiennes au Bénin</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Inculturation</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Dialogue des images</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Histoire du christianisme au Bénin</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Art chrétien des pays de mission</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Christian art</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">History</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Au cours de l’entre-deux-guerres, certains textes pontificaux, tels Maximum Illud (1919) de Benoît XV et Rerum Ecclesiae (1926) de Pie XI, ont marqué un tournant très important dans la réflexion missiologique, donnant non seulement une nouvelle impulsion aux missions elles-mêmes mais encore suscitant une nouvelle pratique de l’art chrétien dans les pays de mission. Après avoir été foncièrement européocentrique, la politique iconographique des missionnaires s’efforça désormais d’aboutir à la création d’un art sacré mieux adapté à l’imaginaire, aux langages d’images et aux sensibilités diverses des pays de mission. Forts de ces orientations et surtout encouragés par la prédisposition de l’art local à offrir à la pensée chrétienne de nobles formes d’expression, les missionnaires de la Société des Missions Africaines œuvrèrent activement pour l’émergence de l’art chrétien au Bénin. Les caractéristiques particulières que présente, dans ce pays, l’émergence de l’art chrétien et la richesse des collections d’objets de facture chrétienne par rapport à celles des autres pays d’Afrique méritaient qu’on leur consacre une recherche approfondie. Outre la constitution d’un corpus iconographique, la thèse propose la contextualisation des œuvres, l’examen de leurs diverses fonctions et l’analyse des paradigmes successifs répondant à la nouvelle perspective missiologique : l’inculturation.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">Papal texts such as Maximum Illud (1919) by Benedict XV or Rerum Ecclesiae (1926) by Pius XI show that the interwar period represented a watershed in missiological thought which gave a new impetus to missions. Hence a new strategy concerning Christian art in “mission countries” was adopted. Because it had beforehand been centred on Europe, the missionaries’ iconographical policy then consisted in creating a form of sacred art which fitted the various cultural characteristics of “mission countries” better. Armed with these tendencies and above all encouraged by the fact that local art could give noble expressions to Christian thought, the missionaries of “La Société des Missions Africaines” worked for the emergence of Christian art in Benin. Christian art in Benin is highly distinctive and the collections of this country boast a significant number of objects of Christian craftsmanship which deserve a thorough research work. Thus, as well as putting an iconographical corpus together, this thesis will describe the background of the works, examine their various functions, and analyse their successive paradigms which correspond to the new missiological perspective: inculturation.</dcterms:abstract>
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