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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Fabrication de nanofibres et nanoparticules de biopolyesters pour la libération contrôlée d'un composé modèle</dc:title>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Polymère</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Electrospinning</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Electrospraying</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Nanomatériaux</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Nanofibres</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Nanoparticules</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Electrospinning</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">L’électrospinning est un procédé couramment utilisé pour la fabrication de membranes nanofibreuses non-tissées. Ces membranes sont particulièrement intéressantes pour des applications tels que l’ingénierie tissulaire et la libération contrôlée de médicaments car elles sont très poreuses et ont une large surface spécifique. Dans une première partie, nous avons développé une nouvelle stratégie afin de contrôler la morphologie et la dimension des fibres fabriquées par electrospinning. Puis nous avons développé un composite fait de nanofibres de PLA et de microparticules de PEG auto-organisé, créant des motifs en nid d’abeilles qui grandissent avec l’épaisseur de la membrane. Ces membranes auto-organisées ont une structure poreuse dont la dimension des pores va de quelques microns à plusieurs centaines de microns. Enfin, deux modèles ont été développés pour une libération contrôlée d’un composé model : la délivrance retardée par l’élaboration de structure sandwich et la libération directionnnelle par la création d’un gradient de concentration avec différentes cinétiques.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">Electrospinning is widely used for the synthesis of nanofibrous non-woven membranes. The fabricated electrospun membranes have high porosity and high surface to volume ratio; they are thus suitable for many applications such as sensing, tissue engineering or drug delivery. In the present work, the first focus was on the fabrication of electrospun fibers with controlled morphology and dimension. Then A self-organized honeycomb-like composite made of simultaneously electrosprayed PEG microparticles and PLA electrospun fibers was developed. The obtained composite mat exhibits a hierarchical, porous structure with pore sizes ranging from few microns up to several hundreds of microns. Finally, a method tailoring the hydrophobicity of drug loaded nanofibrous membranes by the incorporation of electrosprayed PEG microparticles was developed.</dcterms:abstract>
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