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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Compréhension des mécanismes lors de la photocatalyse appliquée à la dégradation des microorganismes : application au traitement de l'air et aux textiles auto-décontaminants</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">Understanding the molecular mechanisms of photocatalysis applied to the degradation of microorganisms : application to air treatment and self-decontaminating textiles</dcterms:alternative>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Photocatalyse</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">TiO2</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Bactérie</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Désinfection</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">ROS</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Cytométrie capillaire</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Peroxydation lipidique</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Protéine</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Purificateur d’air</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Textile auto-désinfectant</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Photocatalysis</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Desinfection</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Capillary cytometry</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Lipid peroxidation</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">L’objectif principal de ce travail est d’étudier les mécanismes d’oxydation lors de la photocatalyse (TiO2 irradié sous UV-A) appliquée à la dégradation des microorganismes et leurs effets sur les composants cellulaires. L'étude de l'efficacité antimicrobienne de TiO2 sur un panel de microorganismes (bactéries, spores, champignons) réalisée dans différents milieux (TiO2 en milieu riche, 'sec', en phase liquide) montre l’influence des méthodes d’évaluation, de test et de comptage sur les efficacités d’inactivation. Des études menées en présence de molécules scavengers d’anions superoxydes (O2°-) mettent en évidence l’implication des O2°- dans l’effet antibactérien et dans la peroxydation lipidique. Au niveau protéomique, diverses cibles d’action potentielles du TiO2 sont aussi proposées. Enfin, une partie applicative détermine l’efficacité antimicrobienne de dispositifs photocatalytiques équipés de mousses alvéolaires de β-SiC et de diodes électroluminescentes, et met en avant les propriétés auto-désinfectantes sous lumière solaire de textiles photocatalytiques fonctionnalisés par la technique layer-by-layer.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">The main objective of this work is to study the oxidation mechanisms of UV-A photocatalysis on TiO2 applied to the degradation of microorganisms and their effects on cellular components. The study of the antimicrobial efficiency of TiO2 towards a panel of microorganisms (bacteria, spores, fungi) in different media (TiO2 in rich or 'dry' environment, in liquid phase) shows the influence of the evaluation methods, test and counting on the inactivation efficiency. Studies carried out in the presence of scavenger molecule of superoxide anions (O2°-) highlight the involvement of O2°- in the antibacterial effect and lipid peroxidation. Proteomics analysis leads to propose various potential targets of the TiO2 action. Finally, an application part deals with the design of photocatalytic devices based on LEDs and β-SiC alveolar foams for air disinfection, and of sunlight active self-disinfecting layer-by-layer functionalized photocatalytic textiles.</dcterms:abstract>
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