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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Evaluation du pouvoir anti-oxydant des aliments : recherche de leurs effets modulateurs sur le stress oxydant dans le cas du diabète</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">Evaluation of the antioxidant capacity in food : research of their modulatory effects on oxidative stress in diabètes</dcterms:alternative>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Anti-oxydant</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Polyphénols</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Aliments</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">HPLC</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Diabète</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Obésité</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Stress oxydant</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Antioxidant</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Polyphenols</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Food</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">HPLC</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Diabetes</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Obesity</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Oxidative stress</dc:subject>
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<tef:elementdEntree autoriteExterne="030217091" autoriteSource="Sudoc">Antioxydants</tef:elementdEntree>
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<tef:elementdEntree autoriteExterne="171573994" autoriteSource="Sudoc">Diabète non-insulinodépendant</tef:elementdEntree>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">L’obésité et le diabète de type 2 s’accompagne généralement d’un stress oxydant chronique, participant à l’installation et la progression du diabète, mais également à l’apparition de nombreuses complications dont les macro- et micro-angiopathies. Certains aliments, comme les fruits et légumes naturellement riches en molécules anti-oxydantes, représentent ainsi un réel potentiel de prévention dans ce contexte. Cette étude s’est intéressée au pouvoir anti-oxydant des fruits et légumes. Nous avons démontré que la majorité des fruits et légumes doivent leur capacité anti-radicalaire a des composés polaires. Leur étude par une méthode séparative (HPLC) couplée à une détection spécifique de capacité anti-radicalaire, a permis de révéler quelles sont les molécules réellement actives. Le chou rouge a été révélé comme aliment à fort potentiel anti-oxydant, de par la présence de nombreuses cyanidines dotés de capacités anti-radicalaires. L’étude in vitro sur un modèle cellulaire (RINm5F) a confirmé l’action anti-radicalaire des polyphénols des fruits et légumes. L’extrait de chou rouge a ainsi permis la suppression du stress oxydant induit par un hyperinsulinisme. Enfin, une étude in vivo, sur le modèle de rat diabétique, a permis de confirmer les effets anti-oxydants et anti-diabétiques du chou rouge, même lorsque sa consommation est associée à un régime hypercalorique. Cependant, le chou rouge doit être associé à une alimentation équilibrée afin d’être bénéfique à long terme.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">Obesity and type 2 diabetes is generally accompanied by a chronic state of oxidative stress, implicated in the development of complications such as macro- and micro-angiopathies. Food, and particularly fruit and vegetables naturally rich in radical scavenging compounds, represent a real preventive potential. This study was focused on the antioxidant capacity of fruit and vegetables. We demonstrated that the majority of fruit and vegetables owe their anti-oxydant capacity to a class of polar compounds. The study by means of a separative technique (HPLC) hyphenated with specific radical scavenging capacity detection, allowed to reveal the real active compounds. Red cabbage has shown amongst the highest antioxidant potential through the presence of numerous radical scavenging cyanidins. In vitro studies, using the RINm5f cell line, confirmed the radical scavenging activity of fruit and vegetables polyphenols. The red cabbage extract suppressed the hyperinsulinemic-induced oxidative stress. Finally, an in vivo study, using a diabetic rat model, confirmed the antioxidant and antidiabetic effects of red cabbage, even when its consumption is associated to a hypercaloric diet. However, the red cabbage must be associated with an equilibrated diet in order offer beneficial effects in the long term.</dcterms:abstract>
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