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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">L'écrit diplomatique à Saint-Victor de Marseille et en Provence (ca. 950 - ca. 1120)</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">Writing practices at Saint-Victor of Marseille and in Provence (ca . 950 - ca. 1120)</dcterms:alternative>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Région diplomatique</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Centres d'écriture</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Pratiques de l'écrit</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Scribes</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Chartes</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Cartulaires</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Monastères</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Réforme grégorienne</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Diplomatic area</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Centers of writing</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Practices of document writing</dc:subject>
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<tef:elementdEntree autoriteExterne="027400492" autoriteSource="Sudoc">Abbaye Saint-Victor (Marseille ; 0415-1751)</tef:elementdEntree>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Articulant la question de l’existence d’une « région diplomatique », espace culturel saisi à travers les pratiques de l’écrit documentaire, avec celle de l’émergence de centres d’écriture, cette enquête met en évidence dans la Provence des Xe et XIe siècles, une affirmation progressive et contrastée des institutions ecclésiastiques dans l’écrit diplomatique. Par la circulation des modèles et des hommes, la Provence occidentale avait constitué, entre 950 et 1010 environ, un réseau partageant des pratiques communes. Le début du XIe siècle a vu une rupture par le déclin rapide de la diplomatique entre particuliers et la disparition des scribes à la clientèle multiple actifs dans les cités. Contrôlant davantage la rédaction des actes dans la première moitié du XIe siècle, les centres d’écritures n’ont pas infléchi le formulaire de la même manière. Développant une diplomatique profondément originale, Saint-Victor de Marseille a été le monastère le plus enclin à recourir à des formes ornées, par la rhétorique des préambules et les discours pastoraux qui valorisaient l’aumône des aristocrates. Au milieu du XIe siècle, une seconde rupture apparaît à Saint-Victor, par un abandon des formes maison au profit d’un formulaire simplifié. Cette forte propension victorine à décider du profil des actes apparaît comme une attention à la valeur de média de l’acte, par ailleurs tangible par les utilisations des archives et leur valorisation par le classement et la compilation du grand cartulaire.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">By the articulation of two main issues, i. e. the existence of a "diplomatic area" understood as a cultural space delimited through the practices of document writing, and the development of centers of writing, this study highlights the increasingly importance and contrasting influence of the ecclesiastical institutions on the diplomatic writing in Provence in the 10th and 11th centuries. The circulation of men and formulaic patterns made of western Provence, from about 950 to 1010, a network that allowed the spreading of common practices. In the early 11th century, one sees a break in this evolution as a consequence of the rapid decline of the use of diplomatics for private interactions and the disappearance of scribes who used to have a large clientele in the cities. Thanks to a better managing of the writing of documents in the first half of the 11th century, the scriptoria have not modified in the same way the formulaic patterns. The scribes of the abbey of Saint-Victor of Marseilles developed a highly original diplomatic practice based on stylistic and rhetorical devices, which are reflected in the preambles and the pastoral references praising the alms of aristocratic families. A second break with the traditions occurred at Saint-Victor in the middle of the 11th century, when the home-made formulas were replaced by simplified ones. The care Saint-Victor took of the appearance of the documents shows a special concern for the media feature of the document, which is also apparent in the use of archives and their valorization through the classification of charters and the compilation of a large cartulary.</dcterms:abstract>
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