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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Le larynx artificiel : de l'in vitro à la première implantation clinique</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">Laryngeal replacement after total laryngectomy</dcterms:alternative>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Larynx artificiel</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Laryngectomie totale</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Prothèse de trachée</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Titane poreux</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Épithélium respiratoire</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Artificial larynx</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Porous titanium</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Polymer</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Respiratory epithelium</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Tracheal prosthesis</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Total laryngectomy</dc:subject>
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<tef:elementdEntree autoriteExterne="028687744" autoriteSource="Sudoc">Polymères en chirurgie</tef:elementdEntree>
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<tef:elementdEntree autoriteExterne="027355217" autoriteSource="Sudoc">Matériaux poreux</tef:elementdEntree>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Objectifs : Ce travail a pour but de développer un larynx artificiel composé de 2 structures : 1) une structure inamovible en titane poreux prolongeant la trachée; 2) une double valve remplissant la fonction de sphincter. Matériels et Méthodes : L’intégration de la prothèse en remplacement trachéal a été testée in vitro et in vivo sur les modèles animaux rats, lapins et brebis. Suite à l’ensemble de ces résultats, nous avons réalisé la première application clinique du larynx artificiel. Résultats : 1) L’ajout d’un tube de silicone endoprothétique améliore la survie chez le gros animal; 2) l’intégration tissulaire de la prothèse de trachée associée à un matériel polymérique biodégradable était supérieure à celle des prothèses en titane poreux nu; 3) la vitesse de colonisation des prothèses en titane poreux était accélérée lorsque l’on diminuait la taille des billes. Un premier patient a été implanté avec une prothèse de larynx artificiel avec des résultats satisfaisants à 9 mois. Conclusions : Nos études concernant l’intégration de prothèses de trachées in vitro et in vivo ont permis de contribuer à l’aboutissement de la première application clinique de larynx artificiel.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">Background: The aim of this work is the design of an artificial larynx made of 2 elements: 1) a non-removable bio-integrable structure designed to provide a connection with the remaining trachea; 2) a double valve that fulfills the sphincter function. Materials and Methods: In vitro and in vivo tests (rat, rabbit and sheep model) were performed to achieve the tracheal prosthesis integration. Following all these results, we carried out the first clinical application of an artificial larynx. Results: i) The long-term survival of the animals was improved when an endoprosthetic silicon calibration tube was used; ii) tissue integration of the prostheses in porous titanium filled with biodegradable polymer was better than the bare porous titanium; iii) prosthesis integration was improved when pore size was decreased. A first patient was implanted with an artificial functional larynx with satisfactory results after 9 months of implantation. Conclusion: The whole in vivo and in vitro studies concerning the integration of the tracheal prosthesis has contributed to the success of the first clinical application of the artificial larynx.</dcterms:abstract>
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