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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Rôle et mode d'action de l'UTP : RNA Uridylyltransférase URT1 dans l'uridylation et la dégradation des ARNm chez Aradopsis thaliana</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">Role and mechanism of the UTP : RNA Uridylyltransferase URT1 in mRNA’s uridylation and degradation in Arabidopsis thaliana</dcterms:alternative>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Dégradation des ARN</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Uridylation</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Uridylyltransférase</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Granules de stress</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Arabidopsis thaliana</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">RNA degradation</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Processing bodies</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Uridylyltransferase</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Stress granules</dc:subject>
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<tef:elementdEntree autoriteExterne="033457107" autoriteSource="Sudoc">Nucléotidyltransférases</tef:elementdEntree>
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<tef:elementdEntree autoriteExterne="030472253" autoriteSource="Sudoc">ARN messagers</tef:elementdEntree>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">La dégradation des ARN est un mécanisme essentiel à la régulation de l’expression des génomes. L’importance de l’uridylation dans les mécanismes de dégradation des ARN commence juste à être appréciée. Cette thèse présente l’étudede l’UTP :RNA Uridylyltransferase 1 (URT1) et de son rôle dans la dégradation des ARN chez Arabidopsis thaliana. L’étude des propriétés catalytiques de URT1 montre que cette uridylyltransférase est intrinsèquement spécifique des UTP et distributive pour les premières uridines ajoutées. URT1 est responsable in vivo de l’uridylation des ARNm après une étape de déadénylation, protégeant leur extrémité 3’ et polarisant la dégradation de 5’ en 3’. URT1 est localisée dans le cytosol au niveau des granules de stress et des processing bodies. Le mécanisme d’adressage de URT1 dans les processing bodies implique une partie de la région N terminale prédite comme intrinsèquement désorganisée, alors que le domainenucléotidyltransférase C terminal semble suffisant pour permettre l’adressage de URT1 au niveau des processing bodies et granules de stress en réponse à un stress thermique. Ces travaux de thèse ont permis de mieux comprendre les mécanismes et les rôles de l’uridylation dans la dégradation des ARNm chez Arabidopsis. Ils ouvrent des perspectives dans l’étude d’autres fonctions de l’uridylation comme l’inhibition de la traduction.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">RNA degradation is an essential mechanism for the regulation of genome expression. The importance of uridylation for RNA degradation is just emerging. This thesis presents the study of URT1 (UTP :RNA Uridylyltransferase 1) and its role in RNA degradation in Arabidopsis thaliana. URT1 is an uridylyltransferase intrinsically and strictly specific for UTP and is distributive for the first nucleotides added. URT1 uridylates mRNA in vivo after a deadenylation step. This uridylation protects mRNA’s3’ end from further attacks and polarise degradation in the 5’ to 3’ direction. This protection of 3’ ends by uridylation and its conferred polarity of 5’ to 3’ degradation are also detected in polysomes. Uridylation is therefore likely important in case of cotranslational degradation of mRNAs. A region in URT1’s N terminal region predicted to be intrinsically disorganised is required for addressing URT1 to processing bodies. However, following heat shock, the nucleotidyltransferase domain present in the C terminal region of URT1 is sufficient to address URT1 to both processing bodies and stress granules, This work contributes to a better understanding of the mechanisms and roles of uridylation in RNA degradation in Arabidopsis thaliana. These results also open perspectives for studying other functions of uridylation such as translation inhibition.</dcterms:abstract>
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