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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Caractérisation de la voie de signalisation intégrine α5β1/protéine p53 dans la résistance à la chimiothérapie des gliomes et cancers du colon</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">Role of α5β1 integrin/p53 pathway in the resistance of glioma and colon cancer to therapy</dcterms:alternative>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Integrin alpha5beta1</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Glioma</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Cancer du colon</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Temozolomide</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Nutlin-3a</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Apoptose</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Integrin alpha5beta1</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Glioma</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Colon cancer</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Temozolomide</dc:subject>
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<tef:elementdEntree autoriteExterne="031286607" autoriteSource="Sudoc">Transduction du signal cellulaire</tef:elementdEntree>
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<tef:elementdEntree autoriteExterne="169552691" autoriteSource="Sudoc">Cancer colorectal</tef:elementdEntree>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Les intégrines sont des cibles thérapeutiques pertinentes en oncologie. Dans cette thèse, nous avons exploré le rôle de l’intégrine α5β1 dans les gliomes et les tumeurs du colon. Nous nous sommes particulièrement focalisés sur la voie intégrine-protéine p53 et son implication dans la résistance aux thérapies. Dans les gliomes, l’intégrine α5β1 est surexprimée dans les glioblastomes et participe à un mauvais pronostic de survie des patients. Nous avons démontré que l’intégrine confère une résistance à la chimiothérapie par le Temozolomide en régulant négativement l’activité de la protéine suppresseur de tumeurs p53. L’activation directe de p53 par un agent non-génotoxique, la Nutlin-3a, entraine une inhibition de l’expression de l’intégrine suggérant ainsi une réaction croisée négative entre intégrine α5β1 et p53. L’association de la Nutlin-3a avec un antagoniste de l’intégrine α5β1 entraine une mort des cellules par apoptose. Nous avons confirmé l’existence d’une réaction croisée négative entre intégrine α5β1 et protéine p53 dans les tumeurs du colon où l’intégrine représente également une cible thérapeutique.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">Integrins seem to be attractive anti-cancer targets. In this work we investigated the role of integrin α5β1 in glioma brain tumors and colon cancer. We were particularly interested in the role of integrin α5β1/p53 pathway in resistance to therapy. We first focused on gliomas and found that α5β1 integrin was overexpressed in aggressive malignant glioma tumors. Moreover, we showed that α5β1 integrin upregulation was associated with a shorter patient survival. We also demonstrated that α5β1 integrin expression in glioblastomas participates to the resistance to the chemotherapeutic agent Temozolomide, through a negative regulation of the tumor suppressor p53. A direct p53-activation by the non-genotoxic agent Nutlin-3a down-regulated α5 integrin subunit and thus sensitized glioblastoma cells to Nutlin-3a. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the inhibition of α5β1 integrin with a concomitant p53-activation enhanced the effects of p53-based therapy. We also confirmed the existence of a negative cross-talk between α5β1 integrin and p53 in colon cancer.</dcterms:abstract>
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