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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Bases moléculaires de la physiopathologie du syndrome de l'X fragile</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">Understanding the molecular basis of fragile X syndrome</dcterms:alternative>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Syndrome de l’X fragile</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">FMRP</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Protéine de liaison aux ARN</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">CLIP</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Neurone</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Déficience intellectuelle</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Fragile X syndrome</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">FMRP</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">RNA binding protein</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">CLIP</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Neuron</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Intellectual disability</dc:subject>
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<tef:elementdEntree autoriteExterne="031385508" autoriteSource="Sudoc">Syndrome de l'X fragile</tef:elementdEntree>
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<tef:elementdEntree autoriteExterne="027809307" autoriteSource="Sudoc">Déficience intellectuelle</tef:elementdEntree>
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<tef:elementdEntree autoriteExterne="02722791X" autoriteSource="Sudoc">Génétique moléculaire</tef:elementdEntree>
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<tef:elementdEntree autoriteExterne="033872538" autoriteSource="Sudoc">Interactions ARN-protéine</tef:elementdEntree>
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<tef:elementdEntree autoriteExterne="114606544" autoriteSource="Sudoc.FMesh">Protéine du syndrome X fragile</tef:elementdEntree>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Le syndrome de l’X fragile représente la première cause de déficience intellectuelle héréditaire. Ce syndrome résulte de l’absence de la protéine FMRP. FMRP est proposée réguler, sous contrôles des mGluR-I et d’autres récepteurs, l’expression de protéines importantes pour la plasticité synaptique en se fixant spécifiquement sur leur ARNm et en modulant leur traduction. Des milliers d’ARNm cibles ont déjà été proposées dans la littérature, mais très peu ont pu être validées. Par approche de pontage covalent aux UV et immunoprecipitation (CLIP) couplé à une analyse microarray, nous avons identifié un ARNm comme cible unique de FMRP dans les neurones corticaux. Cet ARNm code pour une kinase contrôlant le niveau de deux seconds messagers lipidiques importants pour le remodelage des épines dendritiques. De plus, nous avons montré que l’activation mGluR-I dépendante de la kinase est absente dans les neurones Fmr1 KO, avec pour conséquence une altération de plusieurs espèces lipidiques du neurone. Ces défauts peuvent expliquer les altérations morphologiques et fonctionnelles des épines dendritiques, cause principale proposée du syndrome de l’X fragile.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">Fragile X syndrome is the leading cause of inherited intellectual disability and is due to the absence of the RNA binding protein FMRP (Fragile X Mental Retardation Protein). FMRP is proposed to bind and regulate synaptic expression of mRNA targets upon mGluR-I activation. Thousands of mRNA targets have already been proposed in the literature, but only a few have been validated leaving unsolved the question of the genes mostly affected by the absence of FMRP in the brain of fragile Xpatients. The main project of the thesis was to identify the mRNAs associated with FMRP in cortical neurons by performing cross-linking immunoprecipitation approach (CLIP). We found that FMRP principally targets one unique mRNA which encodes an important synaptic kinase. This enzyme controls the level of two second lipid messengers important for remodeling of dendritic spines. Consequently, the mGluR-I-dependant activation of the enzyme is lost in absence of FMRP, leading to several lipid species alterations in the neuron. These defects may explain the morphological and functional alterations of dendritic spines, the hallmark of fragile X syndrome.</dcterms:abstract>
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