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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">L'émergence du principe de nécessité dans l'action normative pénale au niveau de l'Union européenne</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">The appearance of the principle of necessity in the legislative action of the European Union in the field of criminal law</dcterms:alternative>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Traité de Lisbonne</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Droit pénal</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Principes</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Nécessité</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Coopération judiciaire en matière pénale</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Droit pénal autonome au niveau de l'Union</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Droit pénal accessoire au niveau de l'Union</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Criminal law</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Principles</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">La thèse a pour objet de démontrer l'émergence du principe de nécessité dans l'action normative au niveau de l'Union européenne. Après une partie concernant la notion générale de nécessité et le rôle des principes dans l'ordre juridique de l'Union, le cadre juridique des traités est examiné à l'aune du principe de nécessité. L'analyse est faite sur base des dispositions pertinentes des traités ainsi que des actes législatifs adoptés par le législateur de l'Union et des critères qui ressortent de la jurisprudence de la Cour de justice en matière pénale. Une distinction est opéré entre (1) les dispositions concernant la coopération judiciaire en matière pénale et la procédure pénale (article 82 TFUE), (2) le droit pénal autonome (article 83, paragraphe 1, TFUE), et (3) le droit pénal accessoire (article 83, paragraphe 2, TFUE) de l'Union. Des documents concernant les prises de position de certaines institutions de l'Union sont également examinés. À l'issue de l'analyse, l'on conclut à l'émergence d'un principe de nécessité, à la lumière aussi de l'évolution de la pratique législative.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">This thesis has as its purpose to demonstrate the appearance of the principle of necessity in the legislative action of the European Union in the field of criminal law. After a first part which concerns the general notion of necessity and the role of principles in the Union's legal order, the legal context of the EU Treaties is examined in the light of the principle of necessity. The analysis is made on the basis of the relevant provisions of the Treaties as well as on the basis of the legislative acts adopted by the Union's legislature and takes into account the criteria coming from the case law of the Court of Justice in criminal law related matters. A distinction is made between (i) the provisions concerning judicial cooperation in criminal matters and criminal proceedings (Article 82 TFEU), (ii) autonomous criminal law (Article 83(1) TFEU), and (iii) ancillary criminal law (Article 83(2) TFEU) of the European Union. A number of documents concerning the positions taken by some Institutions of the European Union are also analysed. In the final analysis, it is concluded that the principle of necessity appears in the Union's criminal law, also in the light of the evolution of the legislative work.</dcterms:abstract>
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