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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Synthèse de macromolécules à microstructures contrôlées : régulation des séquences de monomètres dans les copolymérisations radicalaires en chaîne</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">Synthesis of macromolecules with controlled microstructures : regulation of monomer sequences in chain-growth radical copolymerizations</dcterms:alternative>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Mono-insertion</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Microstructures</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Séquences contrôlées</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Mono-insertion</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Copolymerization</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Dans cette thèse, des techniques de polymérisation radicalaire contrôlée en chaîne ont été utilisées afin de mettre au point des stratégies visant à réguler la séquence de copolymères linéaires. Dans ce contexte, deux axes distincts ont été étudiés. La première approche, dans la continuité des travaux menés ces dernières années par notre équipe, repose sur l’incorporation très localisée d’une unité fonctionnelle sur une chaîne polymère linéaire. Basée sur les différences de réactivité entre comonomères (l’un accepteurs de types maléimides N-substitués en petite quantité et l’autre donneur, le styrène, en large excès), l’insertion du monomère déficient est très rapide dans la chaîne en croissance. Il est ainsi créé des macromolécules multifonctionnalisées tels qu’un polymère dendronisé ou un glycopolymère .La seconde approche consiste à contrôler les séquences de monomères en utilisant des monoinsertions successives de comonomères. Ces monoinsertions ont été obtenues dans des conditions « affamées » avec des monomères peu enclins à homopolymériser. Deux concepts différents ont été étudiés. Dans le premier, la monoinsertion en fin de chaîne est visée, régulée par le caractère contrôlé de la PRC. Alors que dans la seconde, la monoinsertion est régulée par deux protections : un comonomère non-homopolymérisable désactivant la fin de chaîne et le caractère contrôlé de la PRC.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">In this work, chain-growth controlled radical polymerization techniques were used to develop new strategies to regulate polymer sequences. For that, two different approaches were studied. The first approach was developed by our team over past years and consists in adding reactive functional monomers at precise locations during a chain-growth polymerization. This method relies on the differences in reactivity between the functional monomer (acceptor N-substituted maleimides, in small quantity) and the comonomer (donor styrene, excess) which will form the backbone of the polymer chain. Deficient monomer was inserted rapidly in the chain backbone. By this way, multifonctionalized macromolecules were creating such as dendronized polymers or glycopolymers.The second approach consists in controlling monomer sequence by successive monoinsertions of comonomers. Successive and ordered monomer additions occur in starved conditions by use of non-homopolymerizable monomers. Two different concepts were studied. In the first, the monoinsertion is regulated only by the non-polymerizable nature of the monomer and CRP deactivation while, in the second, the monoinsertion is also regulated by the use of an additional comonomer that do not homopolymerize.</dcterms:abstract>
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