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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">L’efficacité des traitements contre diverses pathologies dépend dans bien des cas de la précocité de la prise en charge des patients. Ce contexte pousse de nos jours les chercheurs à élaborer de nouvelles méthodes de diagnostic, généralement basées sur la détection de biomarqueurs spécifiques, permettant d’établir une corrélation entre un dérèglement moléculaire de l’organisme et la survenue d’une maladie. L’objectif de ces travaux était, par l’utilisation de la microfluidique digitale en gouttelettes, d’établir de nouvelles procédures simples et reproductibles, témoignant d’une sensibilité importante afin de déterminer d’infimes variations de l’état moléculaire de l’organisme à travers la recherche de biomarqueurs spécifiques. Pour cela nous avons élaboré une nouvelle gamme de tensioactifs fluorées adaptés aux applications biologiques en microfluidique digitale, ainsi que différentes stratégies d’étude des variations de l’expression de microARN extrait d’échantillons biologiques, basées respectivement sur les réactions induites par hybridation nucléotidique et sur la réaction de RT-PCR digitale.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">Efficiency of treatments for various diseases depends in many cases in precocity of patient management. Nowadays, this context urges researchers to develop new methods of diagnosis, generally based on the detection of specific biomarkers. These new methods allowing to establish correlations between physiological disorders and arisen of diseases states.The aim of this study was, by the use of droplet-based microfluidic, to work out a simple and reproducible procedure, with an increased sensitivity, to determine tiny variations of physiological state through the detection of specific biomarkers. Thus, we developed a new range of fluorinated surfactants fitted to biological applications in droplet-based microfluidics as well as various strategies to study variations of microRNA expressions in a biological sample. These methods, based on DNA-template reaction and digital PCR reaction, allows performing a substantial number of simultaneous reactions in micro-compartments (microdroplets) of picolitre volumes.</dcterms:abstract>
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