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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">La transformation du boulevard par la création de nouveaux dispositifs de bus : BHNS / BRT / BSP : regards croisés entre la France et la Colombie</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">The boulevard transformation by the creation of new bus devices : BHLS / BRT / OBS : crossing view methodology between France and Colombia</dcterms:alternative>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">BHNS</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">BSP</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Transposition</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Transfert</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Mise en miroir</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Prototype</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Boulevard</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">BHLS</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">BRT</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">OBS</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Réalisant un croisement de regards entre l’Europe et l’Amérique Latine, cette thèse étudie le caractère d’un nouveau type de voie - le boulevard - qui a été redéfini à l’occasion des travaux d’Haussmann à Paris et s’est transformé tout au long de ce dernier siècle et demi. Un nouveau type de boulevard s’affirme ainsi au cours du XXe siècle, caractérisé par une répartition de la chaussée favorisant l’ordonnancement des différentes formes de mobilité en couloirs réservés par fonctions (piétons, vélos, bus, voitures). Ce nouveau boulevard est aussi le reflet d’une stéréotypie dans le projet de la voirie résultant d’un aménagement davantage techniciste de l’infrastructure. Il fait référence à des espaces qui adoptent et adaptent des modèles exogènes sans vraiment réussir à produire des configurations urbaines en accord avec les caractéristiques paysagères identitaires des villes, tout en créant des espaces de voirie fragmentés. Au XXIe siècle, cette configuration a été renforcée par l’introduction des nouveaux dispositifs de bus (BSP, BRT, BHNS). Les exemples du boulevard Magenta à Paris transformé en "espace civilisé" et de la avenida de las Américas à Cali avec l’implantation du BRT MIO illustrent cette problématique.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">Taking into account different perspectives from Europe and Latin America through a crossing view methodology, we have studied the birth and transformation of a new type of boulevard developed since Haussmann. This boulevard derives from a roadbed distribution favoring the organization of various forms of mobility into dedicated corridors according to their function (pedestrians, bicycles, buses, cars). It also reflects a form of stereotyping in the urban project, contributing to an even more technical street planning. It refers to a road space pretending to adopt and adapt exogenous models without really succeeding on producing urban configurations in accordance with the city’s particular landscape, whilst creating fragmented road spaces. In the 21st century, this composition has been reinforced by the introduction of new bus devices (own-site bus service, BRT, BHLS). The example of the Magenta Boulevard in Paris transformed into a civilized space and the las Américas avenue in Cali with the introduction of the MIO BRT illustrate this issue.</dcterms:abstract>
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