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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Douai, une ville dans la révolution de l'écrit du XIIIe siècle</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">Douai, a town through the revolution of the written word of the thirteenth century</dcterms:alternative>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Scripturalité médiévale</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Régime de scripturalité</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Chancellerie urbaine</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Diplomatique</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Chirographes</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Medieval literacy</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Urban chancery</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Diplomatic</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Chirographs</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Quels rapports entretenaient avec l’écrit une société urbaine du Nord comme celle de Douai au XIIIe s.? Très rare pour les siècles antérieurs, la documentation conservée abonda alors avec près de 2.200 actes de la pratique juridique, des registres échevinaux, des comptes… L’écrit était devenu un outil indispensable de la vie sociale, qui en fut bouleversée. S’appuyant sur les acquis de la « 1ère révolution de l’écrit » de la fin du XIe s., cette profonde mutation socio-culturelle se déroula en deux temps : l’une d’intensification, d’ouverture aux laïcs et au vernaculaire (« 2e révolution de l’écrit », c. 1170-1240), l’autre de large intensification, de diversification typologique et de diffusion sociale de l’écrit (« 3e révolution de l’écrit », c. 1250-1300). Tentant de prendre en compte les divers acteurs et usagers de l’écrit, l’étude se concentre sur les 1.300 chirographes échevinaux conservés, dont les premières étapes d’une histoire totale sont esquissées (production, usages et archivage). Ces actes de juridiction gracieuse de l’élite bourgeoise se banalisèrent à la fin du siècle pour toucher des couches sociales qu’on croyait étrangères à la culture de l’écrit.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">How did an urban society like the Flemish town of Douai deal with the written word in the 13th century? Up to then, archives were very rare, but at that time a documentary boom can be observed with nearly 2,200 acts of legal practice, several aldermen’s registers, accounts…The written word had become a required tool of social life, which had been changed drastically by it. Based on the experience of the “1st revolution of the written word” at the end of the 11th century, this deep socio-cultural mutation took place in two stages: one characterized by intensification, opening to lay people and to vernacular language (“2nd revolution of the writtenword”, circa 1170-1240), the other by large-scale intensification, typological diversification and social diffusion of literacy (“3rd revolution of the written word”, circa 1250-1300). Trying to take into account the various agents and users of the written word, this work focuses on the 1,300 preserved aldermen’s chirographs, of which the first stages of a total history (making, using and storing) are sketched out. Those acts of voluntary jurisdiction issued from the burgher elite had become commonplace at the end of the 13th century so as to reach social groups thought to be closed to literacy.</dcterms:abstract>
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