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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Rôle de l'apoliprotéine E dans le cycle du virus de l'hépatite C</dc:title>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Virus de l’hépatite C</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Apolipoprotéine E</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Syndecan-4</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Apolipoprotein E</dc:subject>
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<tef:elementdEntree autoriteExterne="035790733" autoriteSource="Sudoc">Apolipoprotéine E</tef:elementdEntree>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">L’infection par le virus de l’hépatite C (HCV) est une cause majeure de maladies hépatites sévères et constitue un problème majeur de santé public. Le HCV est associé aux lipopoprotéines formant une lipoviroparticule (LVP) qui est la forme infectieuse du virus. L’apolipoprotéine E (apoE), associée aux lipoprotéines, est impliquée dans les étapes précoces et tardives de l’infection. Elle interagit avec de récepteurs impliqués dans le métabolisme lipidique tels les héparanes sulfates protéoglycanes (HSPG). Durant ma thèse, j’ai démontré que les acides aminés chargés positivement du domaine de liaison aux HSPG d’apoE sont impliqués dans l’entrée du HCV dans l’hépatocyte. J’ai également démontré que la production et/ou l’infectiosité des particules virales est corrélée au taux d’expression d’apoE dans les cellules sans avoir d’impact sur la traduction ou la réplication virales. Enfin, j’ai identifié syndecan-4, un membre de la famille des HSPG, comme l’HSPG principal impliqué dans l’entrée du HCV dans les lignées Huh7.5.1. L’ensemble de ces résultats démontre qu’HCV utilise l’interaction apoE-SDC4 pour établir une infection virale efficace.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a major cause of liver disease worldwide and represents a major health problem. HCV associates with host lipoproteins forming host/viral hybrid complexes termed lipoviral particles. Apolipoprotein E (apoE) is a lipoprotein component that interacts with heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPG) to mediate hepatic lipoprotein uptake, and may likewise mediate HCV entry. I sought to define the functional regions of apoE with an aim to identify critical apoE binding partners involved in HCV infection. I demonstrated a direct correlation of apoE expression and HCV infectivity, whereas no correlation exists with viral protein translation or replication. Mutating the HSPG binding domain (HSPG-BD) of apoE revealed key residues that are critical for mediating HCV infection. Finally, I identified Syndecan-4 (SDC4), an HSPG family member, as the principal HSPG mediating HCV entry. Our data demonstrate that HCV uses apoE-SDC4 interactions to enter hepatocytes and establish efficient viral infection.</dcterms:abstract>
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