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<dc:title xml:lang="en">Spontaneous and induced cerebral plasticity during autobiographical memory and episodic future thinking performance in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis patients</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="fr">Plasticité cérébrale spontanée et induite au cours de l’évocation d’événements autobiographiques passés et futurs chez le patient atteint de scléroses en plaques de forme rémittente</dcterms:alternative>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Mémoire autobiographique</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Projection dans l'avenir</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Sclérose en plaques</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Réhabilitation cognitive</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Autobiographical memory</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Episodic furure thinking</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Multiple sclerosis</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Cognitive rehabilitation</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Basée sur une approche en neuropsychologie et neuroimagerie, cette étude visait à (i)caractériser le déficit du voyage mental dans le temps (VMT : mémoire autobiographique et projection future) chez des patients atteints de sclérose en plaques de forme rémittente et (ii) à améliorer leur performance. Nous avons montré que le déficit du VMT s’accompagne de changements d’activations cérébrales spontanés dans des régions clés du réseau cérébral du VMT, en comparaison de sujets sains. Par ailleurs, l’utilisation d’un programme de facilitation cognitive a permis une amélioration significative des fonctions étudiées, non attribuable à un effet « placebo » ou d’apprentissage. Le bénéfice clinique s’est traduit par une augmentation de l’activité cérébrale dans des régions cérébrales clés du réseau, mais distinctes selon la direction temporelle.Les huit expériences ont ainsi démontré que le déficit du VMT entraîne une plasticité cérébrale spontanée et que intervention cognitive est efficace et sous-tendue par des processus cérébraux détectables</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">Based on a double approach in clinical neuropsychology and neuroimaging, the aim of thepresent thesis was twofold: (i) to study relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RR-MS)patients presenting with autobiographical memory (AM) and episodic future thinking (EFT) impairment, and (ii) to improve AM and EFT functioning in the same patients.Thus, we showed a deficit in both AM and EFT in RR-MS patients, which was expressed by spontaneous brain activity changes in key brain regions of the AM and EFT networks,relatively to healthy controls. Then, we documented that the use of a mental visual imagery (MVI)-based facilitation programme led to AM and EFT improvement, which was notattributable to nursing or learning effects. This clinical benefit was accompanied with anincreased reliance on distinct key brain regions of the core AM and EFT network.Overall, we documented the effectiveness of cognitive facilitation for AM and EFT, and the occurrence of spontaneous and induced brain plasticity changes during AM and EFT performance in RR-MS patients, which were sustained by both common and distinct cerebral mechanisms.</dcterms:abstract>
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