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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Utilisation de modèles pré-cliniques murins orthotopiques et transgéniques pour l'évaluation d'approches immunothérapeutiques dans le traitement du cancer</dc:title>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Immunothérapie</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Cancer</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Modèles pré-cliniques</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Virus oncolytiques</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Anticorps monoclonaux</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Immunotherapy</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Dans l’approche expérimentale de l’immunothérapie des tumeurs solides, les modèles murins sont utilisés pour des raisons de rapidité et de reproductibilité. Le plus souvent, les modèles tumoraux murins sont ectopiques ce qui constitue un modèle artificiel qui ne reflète qu’une partie de la réalité biologique de tumeurs provenant de diverses origines.Mon projet de thèse a consisté à mettre au point de nouveaux modèles pré-cliniques murins permettant de mieux mimer les situations pathologiques des tumeurs solides chez l’homme. Pour cela, je me suis notamment intéressée à un modèle orthotopique de cancer du rein (implantation de cellules RenCa ou RenCa-MUC1 dans la capsule rénale) et à un modèle spontané de cancer du sein (souris MMTV-PyMT). Ces modèles ont ensuite permis l’évaluation de trois différentes approches d’immunothérapie à savoir la thérapie virale oncolytique, la vectorisation d’antigènes tumoraux au moyen d’un vecteur viral ainsi que la thérapie via un anticorps monoclonal.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">In experimental approaches to immunotherapy of cancer, mouse tumor models are used for reasons of speed and reproducibility. Ectopic mouse tumor models are the most often used, but they constitute artificial models that reflect only a part of the biological reality of tumors from various origins.The aim of my thesis project was to develop new mouse preclinical tumor models to better mimic the pathological situations of solid tumors in humans. First, I developed an orthotopic model of kidney cancer (subcapsular kidney implantation of a renal carcinoma cell line which either expressed or did not express the human xeno-antigen, MUC1). In addition to this, I also studied a spontaneous model of breast cancer (MMTV-PyMT).These models enabled us to evaluate the efficacy of three different immunotherapy approaches namely oncolytic virus strategy, tumor antigen vectorization by using a viral vector, and monoclonal antibody.</dcterms:abstract>
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