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<dc:title xml:lang="en">Reciprocal relationships between circadian disruptions and metabolic disorders</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="fr">Relations réciproques entre perturbations circadiennes et troubles métaboliques</dcterms:alternative>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Rythmes circadiens</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Métabolisme</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Obésité</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Diabète</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Circadian rhythms</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Leptin</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Metabolism</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Obesity</dc:subject>
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<tef:elementdEntree autoriteExterne="027349098" autoriteSource="Sudoc">Rythmes circadiens</tef:elementdEntree>
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<tef:elementdEntree autoriteExterne="050702084" autoriteSource="Sudoc">Leptine</tef:elementdEntree>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Tous les organismes présentent des rythmes biologiques sous le contrôle d’horloges internes synchronisées sur le cycle jour-nuit. La perturbation des horloges (travail posté chez l’homme) conduit souvent à des troubles métaboliques. A l’inverse, obésité et diabète sont associés à des perturbations circadiennes. Mon but est de comprendre les mécanismes impliqués dans le lien réciproque entre perturbations circadiennes et troubles métaboliques. Une première partie révèle le rôle de la leptine dans les troubles circadiens de souris génétiquement obèses, au niveau central et périphérique. Dans une seconde partie, nous montrons que l’altération des cycles jour-nuit induit une désynchronisation circadienne chez un rongeur diurne, entraînant un état pré-diabétique et un vieillissement prématuré des cellules hépatiques. Nos résultats ouvrent la voie à des traitements préventifs visant à diminuer les troubles circadiens des patients obèses et les troubles métaboliques des travailleurs postés.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">Most organisms exhibit biological rhythms, generated endogenously by circadian clocks, which are synchronized on the light-dark cycle. Disrupting circadian clocks (e.g, shiftwork) lead in most cases to the occurrence of metabolic disorders. Conversely, obesity and diabetes are associated with circadian disruptions. The aim of my project is to provide new insights in the understanding of mechanisms underlying the reciprocal relationships between circadian disruptions and metabolic disorders. We show in a first part that leptin is involved in circadian disturbances of genetically obese mice, at both central and peripheral levels. In a second part, by altering the light-dark cycle, we induce the circadian desynchronization of a diurnal rodent, which leads in turn to a pre-diabetic state associated with accelerated aging of hepatic cells. Our results pave the road to preventive treatments aiming at reducing circadian disruptions in obese patients and metabolic disorders in shiftworkers.</dcterms:abstract>
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