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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Analyse des mécanismes moléculaires et cellulaires conduisant à une inflammation dans l'intestin et une progression tumorale induits par la perte de la sous-unité d'intégrine Alpha6 chez la souris</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">Analysis of the molecular signaling in a tumor progression model associated with inflammation in the intestine</dcterms:alternative>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Intégrine</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Inflammation</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Le laboratoire a établi un modèle de souris α6ΔIEC qui développe une inflammation chronique intestinale associée à la formation d’adénocarcinomes colorectaux. Ce modèle correspond à une délétion ciblée à l’épithélium intestinal de l’intégrine α6β4. Mon projet de thèse a consisté à définir les mécanismes qui influencent la transformation de lésions inflammatoires en adénocarcinomes. La caractérisation du modèle α6ΔIEC a permis de mettre en évidence plusieurs altérations : détachement de l’épithélium, régénération du tissu, prolifération, augmentation de la perméabilité intestinale, hypersécrétion du mucus, ségrégation anormale des bactéries, inflammation chronique et formation de tumeurs.Pour étudier la séquence et la cinétique des mécanismes, j’ai développé un modèle de souris inductible (α6ΔIECTAM). Cette lignée présente, deux semaines après l’invalidation de l’intégrine α6,les mêmes signes d’inflammation que les souris α6ΔIEC. Mon approche a consisté à dissocier les processus impliqués dans chacune des étapes-clés de la pathologie afin de définir la contribution respective de l’infection par les bactéries et du stress mécanique.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">We generated a new mouse model, α6ΔIEC, in which the genetic ablation of α6 integrin from intestinal epithelial cells triggered the development of spontaneous colitis and colorectal cancer. My main goal was to define the mechanisms by which inflamed lesions degenerate into infiltrating adenocarcinomas. Loss of α6 integrin in this model resulted in epithelial barrier damage, enhanced permeability, altered mucus layers, abnormal bacterial segregation, chronic inflammation and tumor development.In order to define the sequence of events and the mechanisms involved at each stage of the disease, from inflamed to tumor lesions, I developed an inducible mouse model, α6ΔIECTAM, in which α6 integrin ablation was induced by tamoxifen treatment. This line recapitulates all aspects of inflammation observed in the α6ΔIEC model, as early as two weeks after tamoxifen treatment. In particular, I tried to define the respective contribution of infection by bacteria and mechanical stress during disease progression.</dcterms:abstract>
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