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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Douleur et vieillissement : exploration électrophysiologique des sous-jacents périphériques et centraux</dc:title>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Vieillissement non-pathologique</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Perception de la douleur</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Fibres sensorielles périphériques</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Pain perception</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Le vieillissement s’accompagne de changements de la perception de la douleur, avec notamment des modifications des seuils de douleur. L’objectif de ce travail de thèse était de déterminer les mécanismes sous-jacents à ces changements. Nous nous sommes basés sur l’étude de deux indicateurs : des données psychophysiques (i.e., jugements perceptifs) et des mesures électrophysiologiques. Nos premiers tests ont confirmé une diminution de la douleur perçue chez les séniors. Une série de 4 expérimentations nous a ensuite permis de montrer que l'augmentation du seuil de douleur chez les séniors avait à la fois une origine périphérique (i.e., atteinte des fibres sensorielles) et centrale (i.e., modification cérébrale). Au niveau périphérique, nous avons montré que seules les fibres myélinisées (fibres A delta) semblent altérées par le vieillissement. Au niveau central, nos résultats vont dans le sens d'un seuil de douleur augmenté en raison d'un déficit attentionnel chez les séniors.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">Non-pathological ageing is often associated with changes in pain perception and especially with changes in pain thresholds. The aim of this thesis was to determine the underlying mechanisms of these changes. We analyzed two complementary indicators: psychophysical data, by the means of perceptual judgments, and electrophysiological measurements. Our first tests confirmed a decrease of older subjects' perceived pain, compared to that of younger adults. A series of 4 experiments further allowed us to show that the increase in older adults' pain threshold has both a peripheral (i.e., impairment of peripheral sensory fibers) and a central (i.e., modifications at a cerebral level) origin. At the peripheral level, we found that only myelinated fibers (i.e., A-delta fibers) seem to be affected by ageing. At a central level, our results indicate that the increase in pain thresholds is due to difficulties in allocating attentional resources to the stimulation in the elderly.</dcterms:abstract>
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