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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">La réserve héréditaire, aspects fonctionnels</dc:title>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">La réserve remplit deux fonctions : une fonction politique d’organisation de la société et une fonction sociale de promotion d’un modèle familial et de subsistance. La fonction politique a pour but d’instaurer un ordre politique en affermissant des objectifs politiques et économiques et en assurant la continuité de la cité. Conservation des biens dans la famille, primitivement puis dispersion des biens, aujourd’hui, cette fonction tend à s’effacer au profit de la volonté individuelle du de cujus. La seconde fonction est une fonction sociale, laquelle prend deux visages : la promotion d’un modèle familial et la fourniture d’une subsistance. La réserve s’adapte à notre modèle familial en se limitant à la famille nucléaire. Elle impose également de laisser une subsistance après sa mort, à son héritier réservataire. En droit positif, la fonction de subsistance prend l’ascendant sur la fonction de promotion d’un modèle familial. La nature de la réserve tend à se rapprocher d’une créance. En outre, le développement de cette fonction a conduit le législateur à compléter ou donner de nouveaux droits concurrents à la réserve héréditaire.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">The reserved share has two functions : a political function of organization of society and a social function of promoting a family model and a subsitance pattern. The political function’s purpose is to establish a political order by strengthening the political and economic objectives and ensuring the continuity of the city. Safeguarding property in the family, originally then dissipation of assets, today this function tends to disappear in favor of individual freedom of the deceased.The second function is a social function of promoting a family model and providing a subsitance pattern. The reserved share suits to our family model confining itself to the nuclear family. It also requires leaving a subistance after our death, to our forced heir. In positive law, the subsistence function takes the ascendancy on the promoting a family model fonction. The nature of the reserved share tends to resemble to a claim. In addition, the development of this fonction has led the legislator to amplify or to provide new competing rights to the reserved share.</dcterms:abstract>
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