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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Stratégies directes et indirectes d'usage de la langue : l'exemple d'élèves d'école élémentaire en filière franco-allemande</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">Direct et indirect language usage strategies at a primary school with a german-french profile</dcterms:alternative>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Stratégies</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Protocoles à voix haute</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Education à l'école primaire</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Didactiques des langues</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Bilinguisme</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Language usage strategies</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Think aloud protocols</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Primary school</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Foreign language learning / Foreign language teaching</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Bilingualism</dc:subject>
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<tef:elementdEntree autoriteExterne="027226476" autoriteSource="Sudoc">Français (langue) -- Étude et enseignement (primaire)</tef:elementdEntree>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Nous définissons les stratégies d'usage de la langue de la façon suivante : il s’agit de stratégies langagières que les élèves appliquent en résolvant des exercices en langue cible (par exemple de DEL 2). Afin d’analyser ces stratégies langagières, nous menons une étude qualitative auprès de 14 écoliers suivant un cursus franco-allemand à Baden-Baden. Nous demandons aux élèves de résoudre des exercices de français tirés des Évaluations nationales des acquis des élèves. Nous appliquons la méthode de la pensée à voix haute. Les élèves choisissent s'ils verbalisent leurs pensées en langue allemande ou française. L'objectif principal de notre étude est d'analyser et d'éliciter les stratégies d'usage de la langue.Environ 1000 stratégies ont été observées et codées avec le logiciel MAXQDA. Les stratégies cognitives sont les stratégies qui ont été appliquées le plus souvent par les élèves testés - en tout presque 350 fois. La langue de base choisie par les élèves pour les protocoles à voix haute était le français et pas l'allemand.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">This thesis reports on an empirical study of 3rd and 4th grade students in a German-French bilingual school. The study consisted of research subjects solving exercises by using the thinkaloud method, after which film and transcription analysis allowed for a detailed examination of the strategies used during the exercises. Such strategies have been termed "language usagestrategies" and have been distinguished from learning and communication strategies. This distinction is important because when students use their L2 in this context, their goal is not to learn the language or to communicate, rather, it is to solve the exercise. The students used and combined many cognitive, compensatory, metacognitive, social and affective strategies during the Think aloud Protocols. Also the individual interviews revealed that the students manifested a large number of language usage strategies, suggesting that they are conscious of strategy usage when using their L2.</dcterms:abstract>
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