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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Civils et militaires : les aspects culturels de la présence américaine en France, 1944-1967</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">Civilians and the military : the cultural aspects of the American presence in France, 1944-1967</dcterms:alternative>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Politique culturelle</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Propagande</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Propagande</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Etats-Unis – relations extérieures</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">France</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">USIS- France</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">USIA</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">OTAN</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">NATIS</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Hollywood</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Intellectuels</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Diplomatie</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Politique étrangère</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Guerre psychologique</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Image des USA</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Propaganda</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Cultural policy</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">US Army</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">United States – foreign relations</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">France</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">USIS-France</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">USIA</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">NATO</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">NATIS</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Hollywood</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Public intellectuals</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Diplomacy</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Foreign policy</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Psychological warfare</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Image of the USA</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xsi:type="dcterms:DDC">973.9</dc:subject>
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<tef:elementdEntree autoriteExterne="026376687" autoriteSource="Sudoc">États-Unis. Army</tef:elementdEntree>
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<tef:elementdEntree autoriteExterne="026438453" autoriteSource="Sudoc">Organisation du traité de l'Atlantique nord</tef:elementdEntree>
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<tef:elementdEntree autoriteExterne="03367079X" autoriteSource="Sudoc">Histoire universelle -- 1945-1970</tef:elementdEntree>
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<tef:elementdEntree autoriteExterne="031335837" autoriteSource="Sudoc">Guerre froide</tef:elementdEntree>
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<tef:vedetteRameauNomCommun>
<tef:elementdEntree autoriteExterne="034265260" autoriteSource="Sudoc">Opérations extérieures à but non militaire</tef:elementdEntree>
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<tef:elementdEntree autoriteExterne="027224929" autoriteSource="Sudoc">Diffusion de la culture</tef:elementdEntree>
<tef:subdivision autoriteExterne="029953650" autoriteSource="Sudoc" type="subdivisionDeSujet">Influence américaine</tef:subdivision>
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<tef:elementdEntree autoriteExterne="027225488" autoriteSource="Sudoc">États-Unis</tef:elementdEntree>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Notre thèse se donne pour objectif d’examiner la projection culturelle de la présence militaire américaine en France entre 1944 et 1967. Après la Seconde Guerre mondiale, alors que le monde bascule dans la Guerre froide, nul ne sait déterminer l’issue de la confrontation politique et idéologique qui se déroule entre les États-Unis et l’Union Soviétique. En 1949, la France fait partie des pays fondateurs de l’Organisation du traité de l’Atlantique nord (OTAN). Sa participation à l’organisation internationale entraîne le « grand retour » des soldats américains, les GI, sur le territoire français. Celui-ci s’accompagne d’une politique culturelle inédite, qui se traduit par de nombreuses actions menées tant au niveau institutionnel que sur le terrain des bases militaires. Comment et pourquoi les autorités diplomatiques et militaires s’appliquent-elles à développer une stratégie de promotion de la présence militaire américaine en France ? Quelles formes prennent les campagnes de publicité organisées par les services d’information américains en France (USIS-France), pour développer les rapports entre civiles et militaires ? Quelle image les Français et les Américains se font-ils de cette présence militaire en territoire étranger ? À la lumière d’études journalistiques, archivistiques et de terrain, nous montrons que Washington s’emploie à conduire une politique culturelle « parabelliciste » très maîtrisée. Cette notion, adaptée de la pensée de l’intellectuel français Jacques Ayencourt en 1946, caractérise avec à-propos la politique culturelle américaine conduite de l’arrivée des premiers GI en 1944 jusqu’au départ des derniers bataillons en 1967.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">Our thesis aims to examine the promotion of the American military presence in France from 1944 to 1967. After World War II, as the world was slowly drifting into the Cold War, the outcome of the political and ideological confrontation between the United States and the Soviet Union was still uncertain. In 1949, France took part in the foundation of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). Its participation in NATO led to the return of US soldiers, the GIs, to French territory. Their return was accompanied by an unprecedented cultural policy, implemented both at the institutional level and in the day-to-day lives of French citizens. How and why did the diplomatic circles and the military establishment feel the need to develop a strategy to promote the US military presence in France? How were the advertisement campaigns conceived by the US information services in France (USIS-France) in order to develop a relationship between civilians and the military? What image did the French and the Americans have of this military presence on French soil? Based on journalistic, archival and field studies, our work shows that Washington’s cultural policy was “parabellicist,” aiming deliberately to keep both the French and the Americans on a war footing. This notion, derived from Jacques Ayencourt’s work in 1946, appropriately characterizes American cultural policy conduct from the arrival of the first GIs in 1944 until the last battalions departed in 1967.</dcterms:abstract>
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