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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Caractérisation moléculaire et isotopique de goudrons et résines archéologiques dérivés de conifères en contexte maritime</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">Molecular and isotopic characterization of archaeological softwood tars and resins in maritime context</dcterms:alternative>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Archéologie moléculaire</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Pinacées</dc:subject>
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<tef:elementdEntree autoriteExterne="03468266X" autoriteSource="Sudoc">Goudrons végétaux</tef:elementdEntree>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">De tous temps, les Pinacées ont été utilisés pour leur résine ou le goudron que l’on peut en tirer, principalement dans le domaine maritime (calfatage, protection des cordages) et pour le poissage d’amphores. Ces travaux ont été consacrés au développement de nouveaux outils moléculaires et isotopiques pour la caractérisation de tels matériaux trouvés en contexte archéologique (distinction goudron / résine, origine taxonomique et géographique, modes de fabrication). Sur la base des outils développés, il apparait que l’utilisation de goudron prévaut dans ce contexte sur celle de résine et que les Pinus, dont les espèces peuvent être partiellement discriminées, sont les principaux Pinacées utilisés. Il a aussi pu être montré que les matériaux de calfatage et d’enduits de cordages sont globalement issus d’une cuisson moins poussée que ceux utilisés dans le poissage de récipients. Une distinction des échantillons archéologiques sur la base de leur composition isotopique en D a été proposée.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">Resins and tars of Pinaceae have been used in the past mainly in the maritime field (caulking, protection of the ropes) and for the waterproofing of jars and amphorae. This study was devoted to the development of new molecular and isotopic tools for the characterization of such materials found in archaeological context (discrimination between tar / resin, taxonomic and geographical origin, manufacturing methods). Based on the detailed molecular and isotopic investigation of diterpenic compounds, in particular, it appears that the use of tar prevails in this context over that of resin and that trees from the genus Pinus, which can be partially discriminated in terms of species, have been preferentially used. It could be shown that the caulking material and the tar protecting ropes result overall from a less intense heating process than the material used to waterproof containers. A distinction of the archaeological samples on the basis of their isotopic composition in D was proposed.</dcterms:abstract>
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