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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Catalyse à l'or (I/III) : de la réactivité au catalyseur, en passant par l'analyse structurale</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">Gold (I/III) catalysis : from reactivity to catalyst, through structural analysis</dcterms:alternative>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Catalyse à l’or(I/III)</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Catalyse asymétrique</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Catalyseurs chiraux d’or(I/III) et d’argent(I)</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Réaction de Nazarov</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Cyclisation</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Réarrangement</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Alcynyloxiranes</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Divinyl cétones</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Cyclopenténones</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Furanes</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">NHC</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Oxazolines</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Spectroscopie RMN J-résolue hétéronucléaire</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Gold(I/III) catalysis</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Asymetric catalysis</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Gold(I/III) and silver(I) chiral catalysts</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Nazarov reaction</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Cyclization</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Rearrangement</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Alcynyloxiranes</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Divinyl ketones</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Cyclopentenones</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Furans</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">NHC</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Oxazolines</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Heteronuclear J-resolved NMR spectroscopy</dc:subject>
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<tef:elementdEntree autoriteExterne="029211433" autoriteSource="Sudoc">Cyclisation (chimie)</tef:elementdEntree>
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<tef:elementdEntree autoriteExterne="029727332" autoriteSource="Sudoc">Composés organométalliques</tef:elementdEntree>
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<tef:elementdEntree autoriteExterne="027675009" autoriteSource="Sudoc">Résonance magnétique nucléaire</tef:elementdEntree>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">La catalyse organométallique est l’un des outils les plus puissants de la synthèse chimique, car elle permet de réaliser des transformations sélectives et spécifiques selon le catalyseur employé. Dans ce contexte, les sels et complexes d’or ont émergé il y a une quinzaine d’années et se sont révélés très utiles et attractifs pour la synthèse organique, faisant preuve de propriétés particulières de type acide de Lewis à la fois π (alcyno- alcènophilie) et σ (oxo- azaphile). L’objectif initial de cette thèse a été d'approfondir l’étude de la réactivité de l’or au travers la mise au point de nouvelles réactions catalysées par l’or(I/III). Si la majorité des réactions développées en catalyse à l’or concerne des processus de type π, nous avons dans un premier temps, souhaité évaluer son potentiel dans une réaction qui repose sur une activation purement σ, la cyclisation de Nazarov. Cette réaction a ensuite été étendue à un processus de type cascade, combinant activations π et σ. De plus, la formation d’un sous-produit inattendu au cours de cette étude a orienté nos recherches vers un nouveau processus catalytique, le réarrangement de γ–acyloxy alcynylcétones en furanes. Par la suite, nous nous sommes aussi intéressés au potentiel de l’or dans les réactions asymétriques, ce qui a conduit au développement d’un nouveau type de complexes d’or chiraux basés sur des ligands de type NHC-oxazoline. Enfin, nous nous sommes proposés d’utiliser la spectroscopie RMN J-résolue hétéronucléaire (une méthode simple mais peu exploitée), pour répondre à des problèmes d’attribution structurale.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">Organometallic catalysis is one of the most powerful tools in chemical synthesis, because, depending on the catalyst, it allows for selective and specific transformations. Thus, the reactivity of gold salts and complexes was revamped around fifteen years ago. Nowadays, they are considered as powerful and very attractive for organic synthesis, showing both π (alcyno- alcènophilie) and σ (oxo- azaphile) Lewis acid properties.The first objective of this thesis was to study the reactivity of gold catalysts by the development of new reactions catalyzed by gold(I/III). If most of the developed reactions in gold catalysis is related to π activation, we proved its potential in a reaction dealing with σ activation, the Nazarov cyclization. This reaction was then extended to a cascade process, combining both π and σ Lewis acidities. Moreover, the obtainment of an unexpected by-product during the study directed our research towards a new gold catalytic reaction, the formation of furans from γ-acyloxyalkynyl ketones. Subsequently, we were also interested in the potential of gold in asymmetric reactions, which led to the development of new chiral gold complexs, based on NHC-oxazoline type ligands. Finally, we proposed to use the heteronuclear J-resolved NMR spectroscopy (a simple but scarce method), to answer some structural assignment problems.</dcterms:abstract>
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