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<dc:title xml:lang="en">Mechanisms of Tenascin-C dependent tumor angiogenesis</dc:title>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Tenascin-C extracellular matrix</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Une expression élevée de la protéine de la matrice extracellulaire ténascine-C (TNC) favorise la progression du cancer et est corrélée à une réduction de la survie des patients. Dans cette thèse, j’ai étudié comment la TNC affecte l'angiogenèse tumorale. J’ai montré que la TNC altère les protrusions angiogéniques, la tubulogenèse, la migration et la prolifération des cellules endothéliales. J’ai lié ces effets à la perturbation du cytosquelette d'actine et la réduction de la signalisation YAP par la TNC. Chez les cellules tumorales et les fibroblastes associés au cancer, la TNC favorise la sécrétion de facteurs angio-modulateurs qui stimulent la survie et la tubulogenèse des cellules endothéliales de façon paracrine. Cet effet implique la régulation de l’expression de SDF1 (CXCL12) et de deux membres de la famille des lipocalines. Ainsi, la TNC favorise l’angiogenèse en activant chez les cellules tumorales un sécrétome pro-angiogénique, et inhibe la tubulogenèse en altérant la survie des cellules endothéliales. Ces effets opposés pourraient expliquer pourquoi nous avons observé dans un modèle de tumeur spontanée chez la souris que la TNC favorise le switch angiogénique résultant en la formation d’une forte vascularisation tumorale, mais qui reste peu fonctionnelle associée à la formation de plus de métastases. Ce travail fournit pour la première fois la possibilité de contrer l’action de la TNC dans l'angiogenèse tumorale.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">A high expression of the extracellular matrix molecule tenascin-C (TNC) enhances multiple steps in cancer progression and correlates with worsened survival prognosis. In this thesis I studied how TNC affects tumor angiogenesis. I showed that TNC impairs endothelial sprouting, tubulogenesis, migration and proliferation. I linked this effect to disruption of the actin cytoskeleton and reduced YAP signaling activity by TNC. In tumor cells and cancer associated fibroblasts, TNC regulated secretion of angio-modulatory factors that promoted endothelial cell survival and tubulogenesis in a paracrine manner involving regulation of SDF1 (CXCL12) and two lipocalin family members. Altogether, TNC promotes endothelial tubulogenesis through a pro-angiogenic secretome from tumor cells, and inhibits by direct contact tubulogenesis by impairing endothelial cell survival. These opposing effects could explain why we observed that TNC promotes the tumor angiogenic switch resulting in more but poorly functional blood vessels associated with more metastasis in a spontaneous tumor mouse model. This knowledge provides for the first time opportunities to counteract TNC activities in tumor angiogenesis.</dcterms:abstract>
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