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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Les glioblastomes sont les tumeurs du système nerveux central les plus fréquentes et agressives. Avec une survie médiane inférieure à 2 ans, les thérapies actuelles restent inefficaces. Cet échec pourrait être expliqué en partie par l’existence de cellules particulières, les cellules souches cancéreuses. Ces cellules ont plusieurs propriétés communes aux cellules souches, qui les rendent résistantes aux traitements des glioblastomes. Il est donc important de pouvoir les identifier et les cibler pour pouvoir éliminer totalement la tumeur. L’objectif de ce travail de thèse est de déterminer des biomarqueurs des cellules souches de glioblastomes (gCSCs). Pour cela, nous avons d’abord développé une méthode générique permettant de prédire des antigènes spécifiques de cancer à partir de données de puces d’expression. Puis, nous avons travaillé sur les gCSCs, en identifiant des biomarqueurs potentiels, puis en étudiant les modifications du signal calcium, dérégulé dans de nombreux cancers.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">Glioblastoma are the most common and aggressive nervous system tumors. With a median overall survival smaller than 2 years, usual therapies remain inefficient. This failure could be explained in part by the existence of cancer stem cells. These cells share several properties with stem cells which make them resistant to glioblastoma treatments. This is why it is important to identify and target them to suppress the whole tumor.The goal of this thesis work is to identify glioblastoma stem cells (gCSCs) biomarkers. To this end, we first developed a global method predicting cancer antigens from microarray data. Then, by studying gCSCs we identified several putative biomarkers and generated insights concerning the calcium signals which are deregulated in numerous cancers.</dcterms:abstract>
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