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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Mécanismes centraux de la perception et de la modulation de la douleur dans le vieillissement</dc:title>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Vieillissement non-pathologique</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Douleur tonique</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Modulation de la douleur</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Cortex préfrontal</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Fonctions exécutives</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Fonctions émotionnelles</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Non-pathological ageing</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Tonic pain</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Pain modulation</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Prefrontal cortex</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Executive functions</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">De nombreuses études ont montré une modification de la perception de la douleur au cours du vieillissement. Cette modification s’exprime principalement par une diminution du seuil de la douleur aiguë et une augmentation de la prévalence de douleurs chroniques. Parallèlement, le vieillissement provoque des altérations cérébrales importantes, notamment dans les réseaux frontaux. Dans ce travail de thèse, nous avons étudié les mécanismes centraux, notamment les fonctions des réseaux frontaux sur la perception et la modulation de la douleur chez la personne âgée. Les résultats des expériences 1 à 3 suggèrent une forte corrélation positive entre l’altération des fonctions exécutives et le déclin de la modulation cognitive de la douleur et de la résistance à la douleur tonique. Dans l’expérience 4, nos résultats montrent que les scores aux tests mesurant les fonctions émotionnelles (e.g. la reconnaissance des émotions) sont corrélés au ressenti de la douleur. Cela pourrait indiquer un déficit chez les personnes âgées de la composante émotionnelle qui entre en jeu dans la perception de la douleur.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">Age-related changes in pain perception have been widely reported in the literature, showing a reduced acute pain perception and an increased prevalence of chronic pain. Ageing also results in considerable alterations in brain structures and functions, particularly in frontal networks. In this thesis, we explored the underlying central mechanisms, especially the role of frontal functions in the age-related alterations in pain perception. Results of experiments 1-3 demonstrated a strong positive correlation between the age-related alterations in executive function and the decline in pain tolerance and cognitive pain modulation. In experiment 4 we observed that the emotional function measured by a test of emotions recognition was correlated to the verbal expression of perceived pain, indicating that the reduced pain expression in the elderly may result from the deficient responses to emotion.</dcterms:abstract>
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