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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Impact des conditions d'hébergement sur le vieillissement cognitif chez le rat : études comportementales, électrophysiologiques et neurochimiques</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">The impact of housing conditions on cognitive aging in rat : behavioral, electrophysiological and neurochemical studies</dcterms:alternative>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Vieillissement</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Enrichissement de l’environnement</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Mémoire spatiale</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Cycle veille-sommeil</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Acétylcholine</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Aging</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Environmental enrichment</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Spatial memory</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Hippocampus</dc:subject>
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<tef:elementdEntree autoriteExterne="031241964" autoriteSource="Sudoc">Troubles de la cognition -- Chez la personne âgée</tef:elementdEntree>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Cette thèse avait pour but d’étudier dans quelle mesure l’enrichissement des conditions d’hébergement jusqu’à- ou à partir d’-un âge auquel les déficits cognitifs sont déjà présents contribue au maintien de la mémoire spatiale observé chez des rats âgés hébergés toute leur vie en environnement enrichi (EE), et d’étudier certains mécanismes neurobiologiques susceptibles de contribuer à cette préservation. Nous avons montré que l’hébergement en EE n’a pas besoin d’être maintenu jusqu’à la fin de la vie pour permettre la préservation des fonctions cognitives chez le Rat âgé. De plus, un enrichissement tardif ne permet pas de récupérer des capacités déjà altérées mais permet la préservation de certaines fonctions d’altérations subséquentes. Ce maintien de la mémoire spatiale ne semble pas être dû à la modification par l’enrichissement du cycle veille-sommeil. Par contre, cet enrichissement induit une modification de l’activité oscillatoire hippocampique, et pourrait, en favorisant une synchronisation neuronale locale, promouvoir un traitement de l’information au sein de réseaux plus spécialisés. Enfin, l’exposition à un EE pendant toute la vie permet la préservation de l’innervation cholinergique de différentes aires cérébrales, un effet pouvant contribuer au maintien des fonctions cognitives chez les animaux âgés hébergés toute leur vie en EE.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">This thesis aimed to investigate in which extent environmental enrichment (EE) until or from an age at which cognitive decline is already apparent contributes to the maintenance of spatial memory observed in aged rats housed all their life in EE, and to study some neurobiological mechanisms likely underlying this preservation. We showed that housing in EE does not need to be maintained until the end of life to allow the preservation of cognitive function in aged rats. Moreover, late EE does not permit the recovery from already altered capabilities, but enables the preservation of some functions of subsequent alterations. The maintenance of spatial memory does not seem to be due to EE-related modification of sleep-wake cycle. But, exposure to EE induces a modification of hippocampal oscillatory activity, and could, by supporting local neuronal synchronization, promote information processing in more specialized networks. Finally, EE preserves the cholinergic system from age-related alteration in different cerebral areas, a mechanism that could participate to the maintenance of cognitive function in aged rats housed all their life in EE.</dcterms:abstract>
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