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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">L'usufruit des biens incorporels : contribution à la nature juridique de l'usufruit</dc:title>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Propriété intellectuelle</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Portefeuille de valeurs mobilières</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">L’usufruit est une institution ancienne, dont les origines remontent au droit romain. Les rédacteurs du Code civil se sont inspirés de sa définition telle qu’elle figurait au Digeste. La plupart des solutions qu’ils avaient énoncées n’ont pas été modifiées depuis 1804. Or, le XXe siècle a vu se développer des valeurs nouvelles, caractérisées par leur absence de corpus. Ces biens incorporels, une fois réservés par le droit, sont devenus les objets de l’antique institution. La qualité d’associé revendiquée par l’usufruitier, l’appréhension des réserves distribuées par une société ou la possibilité de conclure des contrats d’exploitation d’une oeuvre sont autant de sources de difficultés. Plutôt que de multiplier les réponses occasionnelles et les droits spéciaux, l’occasion est peut-être donnée de repenser fondamentalement l’institution et de revenir sur sa nature juridique. La sauvegarde des utilités de la chose apparaît alors comme une clef de compréhension du droit et de délimitation des prérogatives de son titulaire.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">Usufruct is an ancient institution, which dates back to Roman law. The draftsmen of the civil code were inspired by the definition contained in the Digest (Corpus Juris Civilis). Most of the principles that were set out have not changed since 1804. However, the twentieth century saw the development of new incorporeal properties. Once enshrined by law, these intangibles assets have become the object of the ancient institution. Shareholder’s status and rights claimed by the usufructuary in a company, the apprehension of distributed reserve funds, or the ability to enter into a contract for the exploitation of Intellectual Property rights are all a source of difficulty. Rather than multiplying piecemeal solutions and specific rights, opportunity may be given to fundamentally rethink the institution and reconsider its legal nature. Safeguarding the uses of the property appears to be key to the understanding of the law and of the delimitation of its holder’s prerogatives.</dcterms:abstract>
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