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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Analyse, conception et commande de mécanismes de tenségrité et systèmes précontraints : application à l'assistance robotique dans l'IRM</dc:title>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Mécanismes de tenségrité</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Tensegrity mechanisms</dc:subject>
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<tef:elementdEntree autoriteExterne="052548503" autoriteSource="Sudoc">Structures de tenségrité</tef:elementdEntree>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Le contexte de cette thèse est la conception d'assistants robotiques aux gestes chirurgicaux guidés par IRM. Cette conception est rendue délicate par l’environnement qui impose des contraintes de compacité, de légèreté et de compatibilité. La présence du patient dans cet environnement impose également des impératifs de sécurité qui limitent les architectures robotiques viables. Cette thèse vise à évaluer le potentiel applicatif des mécanismes de tenségrité, et plus généralement des systèmes précontraints, qui présentent de nombreuses propriétés intéressantes qui justifient d’envisager leur emploi dans ce contexte, notamment pour leur capacité de raideur variable bénéfique à la sécurité du patient. Afin de juger de la pertinence de leur utilisation, nous nous concentrons sur l’analyse, la conception et la commande de ces systèmes peu connus des roboticiens, étapes nécessaires à leur évaluation. Nos contributions incluent le développement d’outils numériques pour permettre leur analyse, de méthodes de synthèse pour générer des architectures à raideur variable adéquates, et de stratégies de commande pour piloter leur configuration et leur raideur.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">This thesis is focused on the design of robotic assistants for MRI-guided surgeries. This design is submitted to several constraints due to the MR-environment, such as compactness, lightness, or compatibility. Safety issues related to the patient within the scanner also restrict the choice of suitable robotic solutions. This thesis thus aims at evaluating the applicative potential of tensegrity mechanisms, and more generally prestressed systems, that exhibit numerous interesting properties for this context. In particular, their stiffness can be adjusted, which is opportune for the patient safety. The relevance of our approach is assessed through the analysis, the design and the control of these systems that are required to fulfil their evaluation. Our contributions include the development of numerical tools for their analysis, synthesis methods for the generation of suitable variable stiffness designs, and control strategies for the simultaneous control of their configuration and their stiffness.</dcterms:abstract>
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