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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Etude des techniques de super-résolution latérale en nanoscopie et développement d'un système interférométrique nano-3D</dc:title>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Super-résolution</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Nanoscopie optique</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Microscopie interférométrique</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Nano-détection</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Rapport signal à bruit</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Lentille par nano-jet photonique</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Amélioration de la résolution latérale</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Super-resolution</dc:subject>
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<tef:elementdEntree autoriteExterne="136390544" autoriteSource="Sudoc">Nanophotonique</tef:elementdEntree>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Ce manuscrit de thèse présente l’étude des techniques de super-résolution latérale en nanoscopie optique, qui est une des nouvelles techniques d'imagerie haute résolution, aujourd'hui largement utilisée en biophysique et en imagerie médicale, pour imager et caractériser des nanostructures, tout en conservant les avantages de l'imagerie optique en champ lointain comme un vaste champ, la visualisation et l’analyse en temps réel…Un des défis futurs de la microscopie 3D super-résolue est d’éviter l’utilisation des marqueurs fluorescents. La microscopie interférométrique fait partie des techniques d’imagerie 3D sans marquage permettant la détection de nanostructures. Pour améliorer le pouvoir de détection de ce système optique, un premier protocole de traitement d’images a été développé et implémenté, permettant ainsi de révéler des structures initialement non mesurables. Puis, pour améliorer la résolution latérale du système, une nouvelle technique combinant l’interférométrie et le principe du nano-jet photonique a été développée permettant l’observation d’objets de taille inférieure à la limite de diffraction de l’instrument optique.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">This manuscript presents the study of the lateral super-resolution techniques in optical nanoscopy, which is a new high-resolution imaging method now widely used in biophysics and medical imaging, to observe and measure nanostructures, with the advantages of far field optical imaging, such as a large field of view, visualization and analysis in real time…One of the future challenges of 3D super resolution microscopy is to avoid the use of fluorescent markers. Interferometric microscopy is a 3D label-free imaging technique enabling the detection of nanostructures. To improve the detection capability of this optical system, a first version of a protocol composed of image processing methods was developed and implemented, revealing structures initially unmeasurable. Then, to improve the lateral resolution of the system, a new technique combining interferometry and the principle of the photonic nano-jet has been developed, thus allowing the observation of objects of a size smaller than the diffraction limit of the optical instrument.</dcterms:abstract>
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