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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">La plasticité de la chromatine oriente le destin des cellules saines et des cellules cancéreuses sur des matrices de faibles rigidités</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">Chromatin plasticity directs the fate of healthy cells and cancer cells on soft matrices</dcterms:alternative>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Mécano-biologie</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Bio-matériaux</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Films multicouches de polyélectrolytes</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Rigidité du substrat</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Plasticité de la chromatine</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Dissémination métastatique</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Adhérence cellulaire</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Mecanobiology</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Biomaterials</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Polyelectrolyte multilayers</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Chromatin plasticity</dc:subject>
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<tef:elementdEntree autoriteExterne="029632986" autoriteSource="Sudoc">Couches de Langmuir-Blodgett</tef:elementdEntree>
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<tef:elementdEntree autoriteExterne="031122043" autoriteSource="Sudoc">Cellules -- Adhésivité</tef:elementdEntree>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">L’objectif de cette thèse est d'étudier l'influence d'hydrogels de faibles rigidité sur l’organisation de la chromatine de cellules épithéliales PtK2 et cancéreuses SW480. Sur des hydrogels mous, la chromatine de PtK2 se structure en hétérochromatine. Les hydrogels très mous conduisent à la nécrose. Sur ces substrats, l'euchromatine, maintenue par inhibition de HDAC, guide la cellule en quiescence. Ces cellules se divisent après transfert sur surfaces rigides. Un processus de dissémination métastatique est développé en cultivant des cellules cancéreuses sur des hydrogels très mous (E20) et des surfaces rigides (verre). Les cellules meurent lors du 1er passage sur E20. Au 2ème passage sur E20, leur survie, motilité et pourcentage en hétérochromatine augmentent. Au 3ème passage, la survie et la motilité progressent cependant le pourcentage en hétérochromatine diminue. Du 1er-2ème passage, les cellules répondent à un processus de dissémination « hétérochromatine­ dépendant » , du 3ème-4ème passage à un processus « euchromatine-dépendant » .</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">The aim of this thesis is to investigate the influence of soft hydrogels on the chromatin plasticity of epithelial PtK2 and cancer cells SW480. On soft hydrogels, the chromatin of PtK2 cells is organized in heterochromatin. The very soft hydrogels direct the cell death by necrosis. On these substrates, the euchromatin maintained by inhibition of HDAC guides the cells into quiescence. These cells transferred on stiff substrate enter in mitosis. A process of metastatic dissemination is developed from cancer cells grown on very soft hydrogels (E20) and stiff surfaces (glass). On the 1st seeding on E20, cells die. The 2nd seeding on E20 shows that cell viability, motility and heterochromatin percentage increase. On the 3rd seeding on E20, survival and motility continue to increase while the heterochromatin percentage decrease. From the 1st- 2nd E20 seeding, cells respond to a heterochromatin-dependent process of metastatic dissemination and from the 3rd-4th E20 seeding to an euchromatin-dependent process.</dcterms:abstract>
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