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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Production d’hydrogène par fermentation obscure : intensification du procédé par extraction des gaz et développement d’un bioréacteur à membrane</dc:title>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Génie des procédés</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Dans le contexte du développement de l’hydrogène-énergie, de nouvelles voies de production renouvelables sont étudiées, parmi lesquelles la fermentation obscure est un processus biologique convertissant la biomasse. Dans cette étude, ce procédé a été optimisé en réacteur agité semibatch par la sélection de cultures mixtes (boues de station d’épuration) et l’optimisation des paramètres de fermentation associés (température, ajout de substrat, régulation du pH). La présence majoritaire de bactéries du genre Clostridium a été observée dans le milieu fermentaire. Différents modes d’extraction des gaz produits ont été évalués, permettant d’intensifier le procédé par l’utilisation d’un gaz de balayage (N2 ou CO2). La mise en œuvre efficace en fonctionnement continu d’un bioréacteur membranaire dans une configuration d’extraction gaz/liquide a permis d’améliorer le rendement (&gt; + 90%) et la productivité en H2 (&gt; + 300%) par rapport au mode de fonctionnement continu en réacteur agité. Enfin, l’utilisation d’un substrat réel (bourbes viticoles) a permis de prouver la faisabilité du procédé dans une perspective d’industrialisation.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">In the context of the development of hydrogen-energy, new renewable production ways are studied, among which dark fermentation is a biological process converting the biomass. In this study, this process was optimized for a semibatch reactor by the selection of mixed cultures (waste water treatment plant sludges) and the optimization of associated parameters of fermentation (temperature, add of substrate, pH regulation). The presence in majority of bacteria from the genus Clostridium was observed in the fermentation broth. Different extraction modes of the produced gas were evaluated, allowing to intensify the process by the use of a sparging gas (N2 or CO2). The successful implementation in continuous mode of a membrane bioreactor in a configuration of gas/liquid extraction allowed an increase in H2 yield (&gt; + 90%) and productivity (&gt; + 300%) compared to the continuous stirred tank reactor. Finally, the use of a real substrate (winery waste) allowed to prove the feasibility of this process in the prospect of industrialization.</dcterms:abstract>
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