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<dc:title xml:lang="en">Synthesis and characterisation of zeolites, their application in catalysis and subsequent rationalisation : methanol-to-olefins (MTO) process with designed ZSM-5 zeolites</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="fr">Synthèse et caractérisation de zéolithes, leur application en catalyse et rationalisation : le procédé de conversion du méthanol en oléfines (MTO) avec des zéolithes ZSM-5</dcterms:alternative>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Zéolithes</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">MTO</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Catalyse</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Zeolites</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">ZSM-5</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">MTO</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Catalysis</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Carbon upgrading</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Cette thèse s'articule autour des zéolithes, plus particulièrement leur synthèse, leur caractérisation et leur application comme catalyseurs hétérogènes. Dans certains cas, la compréhension des phénomènes encontrés au cours de ce processus nécessitait un travail de rationalisation. Ce dernier ingrédient permet une réelle amélioration continue, ou une conception sur mesure d'un catalyseur pour une réaction. Les zéolithes sont des aluminosilicates, microporeux et cristallins, qui se définissent et se différencient de part leur arrangement 3D de tétraèdres (SiO4 et AlO4) . Il a été essayé d'utiliser des zéolithes conçues sur mesures en tant que catalyseurs pour des réactions faisant partie d'une chimie renouvelable. Ainsi, ces travaux s'inscrivent dans le cadre des concepts de la chimie verte et de l'addition graduelle de complexité moléculaire. Au cours de cette thèse, la boucle itéative de l'amélioration continue a mené à deux reprises à un catalyseur très adapté au processus catalytique en question: d'une part l'halogènation d'aromatiques a été effectuée en phase liquide, il s'agit d'un procédé liquide-solide pour lequel le meilleur catalyseur résulte en une zéolithe béta (H-*BEA) avec une porosité hiérarchisée. Au contraire, la réaction de la conversion du méthanol en oléfines (MTO) une réaction gas-solide semble avoir comme catalyse uroptimal des zéolithes de type ZSM-5 sans porosité hierarchisée, mais ayant des tailles cristallines élevées, une qualité cristalline proche de la perfection (sans défauts) et une densité de sites acides très disperses.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">This work revolved around the synthesis, characterisation and application of zeolites in heterogeneous catalysis. In some cases, counterintuitive observations and results needed a thorough rationalisation, which allowed a truly continuous improvement, or rational design of a catalyst for a given reaction. Zeolites are crystalline and microporous aluminosilicates, which are defined and differ one from another through their 3D arrangement of tetrahedra (SiO4 and AlO4).It has been aimed to design heterogeneous catalysts for reactions that fit in the concepts of a sustainable chemistry. Thus, this works describes and tried to respect the concepts of green chemistry and carbon upgrading. Remarkably, during this thesis the feedback looped continuous improvement approach has led twice to adapted catalysts for a catalytic chemical transformation: the liquid-solid continuous flow halogenation of aromatics was best performed with nanosized H-*BEA zeolites exhibiting a hierarchical porosity. In contrast, the gas-solid Methanol-to-Olefins (MTO) process needed an unusual catalyst. Indeed based on our study, large and perfectly crystalline H-ZSM-5 crystals with a disperse Brønsted acidity were the optimum catalyst.</dcterms:abstract>
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