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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">La Grande-Bretagne, le Nord et la Baltique du milieu du XIXe siècle jusqu'à la Première Guerre mondiale : des relations et un regard en évolution</dc:title>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Baltique</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Crimée</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Danemark</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Finlande</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Grand Jeu</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Grande-Bretagne</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Industrialisation</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Libéralisme</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Norvège</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Regard</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Romantique</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Scandinavie</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Suède</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Sund</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">XIXe siècle</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Baltic</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Crimea</dc:subject>
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<tef:elementdEntree autoriteExterne="028214102" autoriteSource="Sudoc">Relations extérieures -- Grande-Bretagne</tef:elementdEntree>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Au milieu du XIXe siècle, la zone baltique est considérée par les Britanniques comme une périphérie lointaine et sous-développée, malgré l’existence de relations privilégiées liées à l’aura romantique de la Scandinavie, à l’importance économique de la région en tant que fournisseur de matières premières essentielles, et à sa position géographique, proche du rival russe du Grand Jeu. Au vu de ce lien particulier, du potentiel socioéconomique des pays nordiques, et de la nécessité de multiplier les débouchés commerciaux, les différents acteurs britanniques espèrent, après l’avènement du libéralisme, participer au développement de la région, et même en bénéficier sur le plan économique. Cependant, si la deuxième moitié du XIXe siècle voit effectivement de nombreux Britanniques, marchands, entrepreneurs, capitalistes, ou ingénieurs, contribuer activement à l’essor et à la modernisation des régions baltiques, les évolutions diplomatiques et économiques, marquées essentiellement par la montée en puissance de l’Allemagne, une stabilisation des relations avec la Russie et une balance commerciale obstinément déficitaire, conduisent la Grande-Bretagne à repenser son rôle régional en permanence jusqu’aux tensions internationales du début du XXe siècle.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">By the middle of the 19th century, the Baltic area is regarded by the British as a far-off, underdeveloped periphery, although there exist privileged relationships linked to the romantic attraction of Scandinavia, the economic importance of the region as supplier of essential raw materials and its geographical location in the vicinity of the Russian rival of the Great Game. Considering this special link, the socio-economic potential of the Nordic countries, and the necessity to multiply Britain’s commercial outlets, the various British actors hope, after the advent of liberalism, to participate in the region’s development, and even benefit from it at economic level. Yet, if, during the second half of the nineteenth century, many British merchants, entrepreneurs, capitalists or engineers do take an active part in the takeoff and modernisation of the Baltic regions, diplomatic and economic developments, whose main features are a rising Germany, more stable relations with Russia, and a stubbornly negative trade balance, lead Britain to continually reconsider its regional role until the international tensions of the early twentieth century.</dcterms:abstract>
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