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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Rôle de la signalisation LRP1/Wnt5a dans le métabolisme du cholestérol</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">Role of the LRP1/Wnt5a signaling pathway in cholesterol metabolism</dcterms:alternative>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Cholestérol</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">LRP1</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Wnt5a</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Athérosclérose</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Souris transgéniques</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Cholesterol</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Wnt5a</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Atherosclerosis</dc:subject>
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<tef:elementdEntree autoriteExterne="064820432" autoriteSource="Sudoc.FMesh">Protéine-1 apparentée au récepteur des LDL</tef:elementdEntree>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">L’athérosclérose débute par l’accumulation de cholestérol dans les cellules des parois artérielles, formant des plaques d’athéromes. LRP1 protège contre la maladie en inhibant l’accumulation intracellulaire de cholestérol et nous avions montré qu’une signalisation Wnt5a était impliquée dans cette inhibition. Le projet de thèse consistait à caractériser les mécanismes moléculaires de cette inhibition et à vérifier l’effet athéroprotecteur de Wnt5a. Nous avons montré in vitro et in vivo que Wnt5a inhibe l’accumulation de cholestérol via la stimulation de son export et l’inhibition de sa synthèse endogène. Nous avons ensuite observé que l’invalidation de Wnt5a spécifiquement dans les CMLv de souris LDLR-/- conduit à une augmentation des lésions athéromateuses après un régime riche en cholestérol, confirmant alors son rôle athéroprotecteur. Nos travaux ont ainsi permis de révéler le potentiel de Wnt5a en tant que cible thérapeutique dans le traitement contre l’athérosclérose.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">Protects against intracellular cholesterol accumulation and we identified the secreted protein Wnt5a as a partner of this inhibitory effect of LRP1. The aim of this thesis is to determine the molecular mechanisms by which the LRP1/Wnt5a signaling pathway prevents cholesterol accumulation in cells and to study the antiatherogenic potential of Wnt5a. We first showed in vitro and in vivo that Wnt5a decreases cellular cholesterol content by stimulating its efflux through the induction of cholesterol transporters expression and by down-regulating the expression of HMGCoA-reductase. Then we used mice deleted for Wnt5a specifically in smooth muscle cells, which present more atherosclerotic lesions than control mice after a high cholesterol diet. This confirms that Wnt5a protects against atherosclerosis and could be an interesting therapeutic target in the treatment of the disease.</dcterms:abstract>
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