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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Comprendre la flexibilité génétique de la protéine d’enveloppe de VIH-1 à travers l’étude du réseau de coévolution de ses acides aminés</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">Understanding the genetic flexibility of the HIV-1 envelope protein through the study of the network of its coevolving amino acids</dcterms:alternative>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">VIH-1</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Glycoprotéine d’enveloppe</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Réseau de coévolution</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Fonctionnalité</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">HIV-1</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Coevolution network</dc:subject>
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<tef:elementdEntree autoriteExterne="04083784X" autoriteSource="Sudoc.FMesh">Protéine d'enveloppe gp160 du VIH</tef:elementdEntree>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Une des caractéristiques du Virus de l’Immunodéficience Humaine de type 1 (VIH-1) est sa diversification génétique extensive, qui lui permet d’échapper au système immunitaire. Néanmoins, il est nécessaire que le taux de mutation requis pour à cette évolution rapide ne compromette pas la fonctionnalité de ses protéines. Les travaux présentés ici ont eu pour objectif l’étude des réseaux de coévolution qui composent les glycoprotéines d’enveloppe (Env) afin de comprendre les règles qui sous-tendent leur évolution. Il a été mis en évidence que les régions variables de ces protéines, grâce à leur flexibilité structurelle, peuvent aussi servir à faciliter l’incorporation de mutations touchant les régions plus constantes. De plus, un réseau de coévolution impliqué dans les changements de conformations nécessaires à l’activité de Env a été identifié, soutenant le fait que ces régions variables ont un rôle central dans ces changements. Ces études démontrent le rôle crucial joué par les régions variables en dévoilant un nouvel aspect de leur contribution à l’évolution du VIH-1.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">The Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 1 (HIV-1) is characterized by an extensive genetic diversification of its strains that allows the virus to escape the immune system. However, the mutation rate needed for this rapid evolution must not compromise the functionality of the viral proteins. The aim of the work presented here has been to study the coevolution networks that constitute the envelope glycoproteins (Env) in order to understand the rules driving their evolution. The results have highlighted that variable regions, thanks to their structural freedom, can facilitate the incorporation of mutations in more constant regions. Moreover, a coevolution network involved in the conformational changes required for the activity of Env has been identified, underlining the central role played by variable regions in these processes. Besides underscoring the crucial role played by variable regions in the functionality of Env, these studies unveil a new aspect of their contribution to HIV-1 evolution.</dcterms:abstract>
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