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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Rôle des éphrines-As rétiniennes dans la mise en place des cartes visuelles</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">Role of retinal ephrin-As in the formation of visual maps</dcterms:alternative>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Neuroscience</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Développement</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Carte visuelle</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Éphrine-A</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Rétine</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Colliculus supérieur</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Cortex visuel primaire</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Visual map</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">EphrinA</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Retina</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">L'intégration sensorielle nécessite un alignement correct des cartes nerveuses dans le cerveau. Dans les couches superficielles du colliculus supérieur, situé dans le mésencéphale, des projections en provenance de la rétine ainsi que du cortex visuel primaire doivent être alignés, mais les mécanismes sous-jacents de ce processus demeurent à ce jour méconnus. Afin d'élucider ces mécanismes, éphrine-A3 a été sur-exprimée dans un modèle murin, dans une sous-population des cellules ganglionnaires de la rétine, induisant un disruption de l'alignement de la carte rétino-colliculaire sur la carte cortico-colliculaire. L'inactivation in vivo d'éphrine-A3 dans la rétine restaure un phénotype sauvage. Une analyse théorique utilisant un modèle informatique a permis la modélisation des donnés obtenues. Ces résultats ont permis l'identification d'un principe de base dans l'alignement des cartes et des mécanismes associés, validés par un modèle théorique.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">Efficient sensory processing requires correct alignment of neural maps throughout the brain. In the superficial layers of the superior colliculus in the midbrain, projections from retinal ganglion cells and V1 cortex must be aligned to form a visuotopic map, but the basic principle and underlying mechanism are elusive and still incomplete. In a new mouse model, over-expression of ephrin-A3 in a subset of retinal ganglion cells disrupts the cortico-collicular map alignment onto the retino-collicular map, creating a visuotopic mismatch. In vivo inactivation of retinal ephrin-A3 over-expression restores a wild-type corticocollicular map. Theoretical analyses using an original algorithm models the stochastic nature of maps formation and alignment, and recapitulates our observations. Our results identify a basic principle for the alignment of converging maps and the associated mechanism, validated by a theoretical model.</dcterms:abstract>
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