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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Développement de l'hématopoïèse chez l'embryon : Implication du Système Rénine-Angiotensine</dc:title>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">L’hématopoïèse est assurée par une population de cellules souches hématopoïétiques (CSH) générées au cours du développement embryonnaire. L’objectif de ma thèse a été de comprendre les mécanismes qui régulent l’émergence des CSH dans la niche hématopoïétique intra-embryonnaire. Nous avons démontré la présence dans cette région d’un Système Rénine- Angiotensine local et fonctionnel qui agit via la production de l’Angiotensine II sur les précurseurs pré-hématopoïétiques et les CSH émergentes. Egalement, nous avons mis en évidence la présence d’une accumulation de macrophages d’origine vitelline et démontré que ces cellules ont un rôle crucial dans l’émergence de l’hématopoïèse définitive en permettant la migration des précurseurs pré-hématopoïétiques. Une étude moléculaire nous a permis de démontrer que l’ACE - un marqueur des précurseurs pré-hématopoïétiques et CSH humaines - est une cible du facteur de transcription CDX2 qui en régule l’expression. Ces travaux contribuent à une meilleure compréhension de la mise en place du système hématopoïétique au cours du développement et sont prometteurs pour des fins thérapeutiques.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">The continuous generation of blood cells throughout life relies on the existence of hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) generated during embryogenesis. The aim of my thesis was to understand the mechanisms underlying HSC emergence in the intra-embryonic hematopoietic niche. Many effectors have been detected in this region, including a functional and local Renin- Angiotensin System which acts directly on pre-HSC precursors and HSC emergence through the production of Angiotensin II . We have also observed an accumulation of yolk sac-derived macrophages in the same region and demonstrated that these cells have a crucial role in the establishment of definitive hematopoiesis, allowing the migration of the pre-HSC precursors in the mesenchyme. In addition, by a molecular study, we have demonstrated that ACE - a cell surface marker of human HSC also expressed on pre-hematopoietic cells - is a transcriptional target of the CDX2 homeoprotein. All these results contribute to a better understanding of the hematopoietic system during development and are promising for therapeutic purposes.</dcterms:abstract>
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