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<dc:title xml:lang="en">Analysis of dust emission in nearby galaxies : implications of the modeling assumptions</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="fr">Analyse de l'émission des poussières dans les galaxies proches : impact des hypothèses et choix des modèles</dcterms:alternative>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Astrophysique</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Milieu interstellaire</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Poussière</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Galaxies</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Modélisation</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Astrophysics</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Interstellar medium</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Dust</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Galaxies</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Modelisation</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Ma thèse s’est concentrée sur les conséquences qu’ont les choix de modélisation de l’émission de la poussière sur ses propriétés déduites dans les galaxies proches.Une première étude a montré que tous les modèles ne reproduisent pas des observations de deux galaxies proches de façon satisfaisante, bien que tous reproduisent l’émission IR de la Voie Lactée. Cela a aussi mis en évidence que la composition de la poussière est différente d’une galaxie à l’autre, et différente de celle de la Voie Lactée. Le choix de l’environnement des grains, à travers la description du champ de rayonnement qui chauffe ces grains, impacte significativement les résultats tels que la masse totale de poussières. Une deuxième étude s’est concentrée sur les biais systématiques dus à l‘emploi de lois empiriques de mélange pour décrire le chauffage de la poussière. J’ai montré que les masses déduites peuvent être sous- ou surestimées, bien que les ajustements aux données apparaissent raisonnables. Les résultats de cette thèse montrent alors qu’il est nécessaire de prendre en compte les choix de modélisation pour déterminer au mieux les propriétés des poussières dans les galaxies proches.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">My thesis focused on the implications of dust emission modelisation choices on its derived properties in nearby galaxies. A first approach showed that all models do not fit observations of two nearby galaxies adequately and similarly, although they all managed to fit the Milky Way infrared emission. It also highlighted that the dust composition is not the same between those two galaxies, and also with that of the Milky Way. The choice of the dust grains environment, through the incident radiation field, can significantly impact results like the total dust masses. A second project investigated the systematics errors due to the empirical laws used to describe the radiation field that heats the dust grains. I showed that some parameters can be over- or underestimated, while showing good fits to the observations. These results show that it is important to take into consideration the choices made for modelisation in order to accurately determine dust properties in nearby galaxies.</dcterms:abstract>
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